The Smoking Control Research Project showed that most smokers wish to quit and that many of them can. It is necessary to present these smokers with the opportunities to quit, and then make the environment supportive of nonsmoking. Presented at the University of California Extension Course, "Cigarette Smoking: Insight into a Perplexing Problem,"…

The present level of participation by Canadian teachers in the school decision-making process is undesirably low. (CK)

New curricula in the social studies requires new procedures in student evaluation. (NI)

Structural equation modeling is applied in conjunction with constrained monotone distance analysis. These alternative methods are used in an evaluation of a social-psychological model derived from Likert's theory of organizational behavior. (Author/JKS)

It is generally believed that the correction formula will yield exact correlational values only when the regression of z on x is both linear and homoscedastic. The formula is shown to hold for nonlinear heteroscedastic relationships. A simple sufficient condition for formula validity and estimation predictions is demonstrated in a numerical…

A strategy for the pairwise assessment which may be used to evaluate the nature of both "prerequisite" and "transference" relations existing among a set of traits is presented. Both confirmatory and exploratory strategies are presented. An example of how the strategy would be used is presented in the exploratory context.…

Interpretations regarding the effects of exogenous and endogenous variables on endogenous variables in linear structural equation systems depend upon the convergence of a matrix power series. The test for convergence developed by Joreskog and Sorbom is shown to be only sufficient, not necessary and sufficient. (Author/JKS)

The correlation between faculty salaries and student tuition increases with rank and is highest for full professors. In a study of faculty salaries and tuition, over half of the variation in faculty salaries was accounted for solely by differences in tuition charges. (MLW)

Describes an interactive software system (implemented in IBM interactive FORTRAN) which carries out data analyses, parameter estimation, and process generation. Includes discussion of the four system modules (data preparation; selecting process for goodness-of-fit testing; goodness-of-fit calculations/reports; process generation) and educational…

Many models have been proposed for examining factors from several batteries of tests. A model for such an analysis is presented which allows for maintaining the distinction among batteries. A discussion of the computational procedures is given, and examples are provided. (Author/JKS)

The use of analysis of covariance in simple repeated measures designs is considered. Conditions necessary for the analysis of covariance adjusted main effects and interactions to be meaningful are presented. (Author/JKS)

The procedures for (1) assessing the heterogeneity of a set of effect sizes derived from a meta-analysis, (2) testing for trends by means of contrasts among the effect sizes obtained, and (3) evaluating the practical importance of the average effect size obtained are described. (Author/PN)

An evaluation of open education was shown to produce misleading results due to probable regression phenomena. These questionable results are now spread throughout the literature of education, sociology, and psychology. Researchers are advised to review, not merely summarize, prior articles. (Author/PN)

A methodology of computing prescribed point biserial correlation coefficients and then evaluating the coefficients with respect to three criteria was developed. It can be used to assess the item convergent validity of nonobjectively scored test items. (Author/PN)