This paper presents findings of a 1994 followup study of New York state school superintendents. The first survey was conducted in 1992. Questionnaires sent by the New York State Council of School Superintendents (NYSCOSS) to over 700 superintendents elicited 516 responses, a 68 percent response rate. The questionnaire gathered data on…

Schools are professional work groups requiring the application of professional knowledge to constantly shifting educational challenges as adults work to help students learn. This paper describes a theory of professional visualization through which principals can make their professional practice consistent with their knowledge, values, and…

This brochure is designed to answer questions about visual arts education. It is a compilation of answers to questions that school board members and district administrators raise most often. Topics include the administrator's role in the district art program; values of art education; and staffing, budget, facilities, evaluation, standards, and…

This paper presents findings of a case study that explored the micropolitical strategies used by a principal to influence teachers in a school-based decision making context. The selected suburban school was located in the south-central area of Texas and had utilized school-based management for five months. The principal was recommended as…

This paper describes the dilemmas of leadership experienced by principals and superintendents in Norway. The term "dilemma" refers to contradictory orientations that these educational leaders experienced in their job activities. Dilemmas are categorized in terms of legality, which pertains to the formal steering of the schools, or in…

Sweeping reforms within general education have brought radical changes to traditional writing requirements at many institutions around the country, in some cases extending to the elimination of those requirements. At Portland State University (Oregon), writing is now to be the province of those teaching in the new general education program. Many…

This book presents ways in which a program of individualized professional development can be designed to function within the existing public school administrative and contractual structure. Eight models for professional development are presented, with a ninth option combining approaches: instruction-centered staff development, focused-training…

Secondary school educators are concerned with increasing parental involvement; raising attendance levels, grades, and test scores; reducing behavior problems; and improving the community's perceptions of the schools. This document is comprised of two brief articles. The first describes how to establish an Academic Booster Club to help accomplish…

This book teaches the skills and art of good coaching and how to realize its value in unlocking people's potential to maximize their own performance. Chapters 1-3 define coaching and its business application, discuss the manager as coach and the manager's role, and examine the context of change. Chapter 4 considers the two key elements of…

Factors that influenced teachers to become reformers, reviewers, or resistors to whole language were investigated with specific examination of school culture. In this study three transitioning school sites were selected on the basis of their similarity in staffing and student size. Participants from each school involved three to four classroom…

Professional-development schools are collaborations between universities and public schools to improve the nation's teaching force. Prospective teachers are assigned to K-12 schools for formal instruction, planned experiences in classrooms, and mentoring from master teachers. This paper presents findings of a qualitative study that described the…

Greater attention is now being directed at issues associated with the professional development of new school leaders. This paper identifies some of the major concerns of beginning school leaders across different nations, some of which include needs for knowledge about basic managerial skills, adequate socialization to the job, and a sense of self.…

The Language Arts 6-12 Program of the Des Moines Independent Community School District (Iowa) is directed by its mission statement to provide a quality educational program to a diverse community of students where all are expected to learn. The Language Arts supervisor is responsible for supervising and coordinating all aspects of the middle and…

Although empirical research in the area of educational administration is plentiful, often it seems to be of little practical use. This paper presents findings of a study that examined the usefulness of a framework of collective solutions, or strategies for success, for women superintendents. A single-case qualitative study of one female…

Changes in the educational qualifications and skills expected of senior managers in the United Kingdom were examined through interviews with senior managers and human resource professionals in 17 large companies from a range of sectors. The following were identified as common objectives or responsibilities of senior managers: determining the…