Marcia's adolescent identity status interview combines objective scoring with a clinical approach to investigate Erikson's theory in terms of the identity crisis of adolescence. Marcia's interview was extended to adult identity processes by redefining the crisis and commitment dimensions of strength (of involvement in work) and flexibility (of…

This study investigated the potential use of a cognitive measure to detect differential effects on children's styles of performance and behavior. A stratified random sample of 96 children across schools, sex and preschool attendance were selected for testing from the five kindergarten classes associated with the Mt. Druitt Early Childhood Project…

When assessing the influence of empathy on prosocial motivation, analyzing empathy alone would lead to a misunderstanding. We must also assess other elements of the situation, such as the altruist's coping skills and situational constraints. In a similar manner empathy itself should be conceptualized as a process with many elements. One way to…

Assessment of counselor trainee applicants with respect to level of cognitive complexity might prove a useful additional criterion in selection of students for training programs. To determine the correspondence between a measure of counselor effectiveness and five cognitive complexity measures, 38 subjects, master's degree students in counseling,…

Traced are the developmental stages involved with the design of the Test of Logical Thinking (TOLT), a paper and pencil test constructed by the authors to measure formal reasoning ability. The final version of TOLT is described as consisting of two items for each of five reasoning modes: (1) controlling variables, (2) probabilistic reasoning, (3)…

This paper reports a series of studies of environmental cognition. Conducted among American preschoolers, Navajo and Puerto Rican school children, and American, Mexican and Maori adults, all of the studies employ techniques of environmental modelling that permit objects such as buildings, trees and vehicles. A pilot test of the environmental…

THE EXPERIMENTS ATTEMPTED TO MEASURE ACHIEVEMENT, MOTIVATION, DELAY OF GRATIFICATION, ASPECTS OF PERCEPTION DEVELOPMENT, COGNITION, AND LANGUAGE OF CULTURALLY DEPRIVED PRESCHOOL CHILDREN. THERE WERE FOUR EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS--CHILDREN ATTENDING SUMMER SCHOOL FOR 3 YEARS AND HAVING CONTACTS WITH A HOME VISITOR IN THE FALL, WINTER, AND SPRING MONTHS,…

A SERIES OF INVESTIGATIONS WAS CONDUCTED TO COLLECT DATA ABOUT TEACHER ROLE COGNITIONS. ROLE COGNITIONS STUDIED INCLUDED TEACHER ROLE COGNITIONS HELD AND COGNITIONS ATTRIBUTED TO OTHERS. INITIALLY DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM A PILOT STUDY OF OVER 100 UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN AN URBAN UNIVERSITY. ADDITIONAL DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM APPROXIMATELY 700…

This study investigates (1) the relationship of two potentially valuable measures of sequential processing to each other and to a measure of digit span, and (2) the relationships among tests of sequential processing and other measures of cognitive functioning. Subjects were 188 first grade students who had been screened in kindergarten for risk of…

The high school principal's impact on classroom learning activities is examined in this research report. The study, conducted in four Houston high schools, applied the model described in "CCBC Notebook," February 1980. This report offers a portion of the overall research, providing a summary of the patterns identified. The first segment…

This paper describes the development, utility, and validity of the Situational Self-statement and Affective State Inventory (SSASI), a research inventory designed to assess cognitions and affects across a variety of five hypothetical situations. Each situation describes a realistic incident involving interpersonal conflict, principally criticism…

The primary goal of this review is to acquaint developmental psychologists who have had little experience in the study of individual differences in cognition with some of the basic rules that govern this type of research. A second goal is to stimulate researchers to consider the potential benefits of studying differences among individuals whose…

This is one of three volumes presenting the over-all results of a research effort investigating the effects upon student outcomes of training teachers to implement individual study and self-directed study in their classrooms. Sample tests are presented measuring the following variables: (1) social study achievement; (2) work study skills; (3) self…

A study to determine the relationship of a teacher's characteristics and experience to a learner's cognitive attainment of law-related content is discussed. Over 1,000 learners and 57 teachers who had participated in a Law in a Changing Society Workshop provided data for the study. The workshop provided participants with law-related materials and…

THIS EXPERIMENT WAS DESIGNED TO TEST WHETHER STUDENTS WHOSE GRADES ARE PARTLY DETERMINED BY THE PERFORMANCE OF OTHERS IN THE GROUP (THE COOPERATIVE CONDITION) WILL SCORE HIGHER ON EXAMINATIONS THAN THOSE WHOSE GRADES ARE DETERMINED BY THEIR RAW SCORES WITHIN THEIR GROUPS (COMPETITIVE CONDITION). WHEN COGNITIVE LEARNING IN THE COOPERATIVE…