This study describes certain characteristics of early readers, with emphasis on their accomplishments on eight Piagetian tasks. The early readers were defined as those children who were between four and six years old, who could read at the pre-primer level or higher, and who had not attended elementary school. The population of the study consisted…

School characteristics associated with reading achievement and characteristics of low achievers in reading are examined in separate articles in this report. The first article begins with a review of the literature on school effects, arguing that there are school variables that show consistent associations with achievement, when the structure and…

This study was designed to ascertain whether reading achievement and attitude toward reading of students in grades two, four, and six can be improved through implementation of a token system within regular reading programs. Two schools were assigned to the experimental and two to the control treatment, with an equal number of classrooms from the…

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I projects operated in the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), Phoenix Area, during fiscal year 1975 are summarized on a grade by grade-school by school basis. Data, presented in chart and graph form, cover: the BIA's organization; student enrollment in the Phoenix Area; expenditures by school; student…

A composite summary of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I projects operated in the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), Phoenix Area, during fiscal year 1975 is given on an area-wide basis. Data, presented by charts and graphs, cover: the BIA's organization; student enrollment in the Phoenix Area schools by agency and school;…

In conjunction with a national evaluation of the Emergency School Aid Act, an indepth analysis of 24 selected elementary schools was conducted. Data for the study were collected in 1974-75 through observation of classroom behavior, through interviews with school principals, and through self-administered questionnaires completed by the teachers and…

During 1967 and 1968, TEMPO, a Research affiliate of The General Electric Company, evaluated federal assistance to local school districts to use for compensatory education authorized by 1965 Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I. The specific research questions were straight-forward: (1) Has statistically significant enhancement of pupil…

This paper addresses the question, How can the teacher become an instructional manager, turning informal feedback into pupil progress? Particular attention is given to ways teachers may use test data to help them plan lessons for the students. A number of suggestions for improving students' reading skills are also provided. (RB)

This report discusses the development of procedures for establishing teacher estimates of minimal acceptable, desired, and predicted levels of student performance on specific reading items and across reading skill areas. Statewide estimates were obtained by collecting and averaging item estimates from samples of teachers throughout the state, and…

This study sought to test by the validation process the finding that there is a different relationship between associative learning ability and IQ in middle- and low-socioeconomic groups as reported by Jensen and others. The study was conducted to ascertain need for revision of testing programs and curricular materials used with disadvantaged…

This bulletin is a digest and interpretation of some of the main findings reported in Chapter V, "Nature and Extent of Current Practices in Educating Those Who Teach Reading," by J. Richard Harsh in "The Information Base for Reading: A Critical Review of the Information Base for Current Assumptions Regarding the Status of Instruction and…

This study determined the effectiveness of the Initial Teaching Alphabet and Traditional Orthography on first and second grade pupils of normal and superior intelligence. The experimental i.t.a. group contained 44 first graders and 37 second graders, and the control traditional orthography groups had 43 first graders and 48 second graders.…

The basic purpose of this project was to improve the reading achievement of educationally disadvantaged students, but improvement was also anticipated in the areas of self-reliance, feelings of self-worth, attitudes toward reading, and attendance. The 142 subjects (56 second graders, 50 third graders, and 36 fourth graders) attended one of the…

The purposes of this research project are (1) to test a theory which purports to identify the predictive antecedents (i.e., precursors) of developmental dyslexia (specific reading disability) several years before the disorder is clinically evident, and (2) to evaluate the mechanism which is postulated to underlie and influence later developmental…

Evaluation of the 1960-70 program of a reading center originally begun in 1966 with ESEA/Title I funds was conducted for three purposes: (1) to determine the extent to which participation in the remedial and developmental program resulted in improved reading skills, (2) to discover trends in achievement gain as related to differing lengths of…