This teacher research study examines the literary talk and classroom community that emerged during Book Club meetings, fishbowl discussions, and a Retrospective Reflection session which transpired in my fifth grade classroom over the course of two thematic units. Themes of cultural awareness and belonging served to help students flesh out social…

This paper begins by looking at responses to Bernstein in Germany in the 1970s that criticized his notions of class difference in sociolinguistic codes. As part of a re-examination of Bernstein's ideas, the paper goes on to look at the current communicative situation in German education where urban schools have many second-generation immigrant…

The Kurdish of this dictionary is the standard language of belles-lettres, journalism, official and private correspondence, and formal speech of the Southern-Kirmanji dialect of Sulaimani in Iraq. It is the language adopted in Persia for Kurdish broadcasts and government-sponsored publications. Borrowings from Northern Kirmanji, Mukri, Sanandaji,…

Employs the highly transparent Turkish orthography to examine imageability in relation to level of skill in two experiments. Notes results among adult poor readers are contradictory to previous findings in English whilst data from highly skilled participants are in line with those reported for skilled readers for English. Discusses implications.…

Different languages map semantic elements of spatial relations onto different lexical and syntactic units. These crosslinguistic differences raise important questions for language development in terms of how this variation is learned by children. We investigated how Turkish-, English-, and Japanese-speaking children (mean age 3;8) package the…

According to the 2000 U.S. Census, the Turkish-speaking population in the United States increased significantly in the 1990s and has risen steadily over time. Today, the highest concentration is located in the states of New York, California, New Jersey, and Florida. Kaya (2003) reported a geographical dispersion across the U.S., from New York to…

THIS READER IS DESIGNED FOR THE SECOND-YEAR STUDENT OF TURKISH, AND PRESUPPOSES A KNOWLEDGE OF THE BASIC GRAMMATICAL RULES OF MODERN TURKISH. THE TEXTS WERE SELECTED FROM THE LITERATURE OF THE LAST 40 YEARS, TO REPRESENT THE PREDOMINANT MOOD OF MODERN TURKISH LETTERS. THE 16 PROSE SELECTIONS ARE ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY BY AUTHORS' BIRTH DATES.…

The most commonly used and discussed videoconferencing mode for teaching languages from a distance is two-way simultaneous, or point-to-point, videoconferencing. Applications of multipoint videoconferencing to language classes, however, are not very common. This article aims to fill that gap by presenting the technical and pedagogical dimensions…

The present study focuses on noun and verb processing during language acquisition, whereby the word production and the word comprehension of preschool children of different ages were investigated across three languages. Two hypotheses were put forward: first, given that languages differ with respect to the clarity of the noun-verb distinction and…

In this article we compare five groups of learners acquiring Dutch gender as marked on determiners and adjectival inflection. Groups of L1 (first language) children and L1-SLI (first-language specific-language-impairment) children are compared to three Turkish-Dutch L2 (second language) groups: adult L2, child L2 and child L2-SLI. Overall, our…

The use of one body-part term in Turkish, corresponding to the English "head," is examined. It is demonstrated that this term is the most unmarked body-part term in the language with the largest functional load in common usage. It is found to have a large number of derivations, especially with socially deictic meanings. Possible…

Borrowing and its implications for Turkish phonology is examined, focusing on words with initial and final consonant clusters. A brief summary of the relevant portions of Turkish phonology is presented. A formulation of the rules of lateral conditioning and velar conditioning is shown to successfully account for almost all the relevant borrowing…

Prepared from interviews with personnel of the Turkish Ministry of National Education, and other educational administrators in that country, this publication provides a guide to the terminology used to name the types of public educational institutions found in Turkey. Private educational institutions, military schools, higher schools attached to…

Investigates whether readers of Turkish (which has a simple relation between spelling and sound) depend more on decoding for word recognition than readers of English (which has an "opaque" orthography). Suggests that readers become less dependent on phonological mediation with experience and that this reduction is more rapid for readers of opaque…

Describes a new data compression technique that utilizes the common morphological structure of languages. Topics include classification of languages and their morphological structure; structured text compression; the algorithm and an example using Turkish; theoretical implications; and implementation. (LRW)