Compares group differences in strategy learning, use, and transfer to a more complex task for two groups of elementary students (N=48). Asked to perform three tasks in classifying igneous rocks, the groups differed in whether they received advice on the use of a specific strategy for performing each task. (CS)

Five major studies of sexism in children's reading materials were critically reviewed according to basic research criteria. Findings indicated that these studies were not based on well-structured designs; that categories were not explicated or consistent; and that foundations to support valid conclusions were lacking. (Author/GDC)

Exchange theory is used to explain motivations and behaviors in runaway children. Runaways with favorable family and school experiences and rejected abused children who do not run are considered. Facts about running are examined for consistency and hypotheses are offered. (Author)

The guide has much to offer counselors and their clients with knowledge of Holland's typology. With the aid of Table I clients may be directed to appropriate sections of the guide to help in their career planning. (Author/JAC)

Describes the two-track system of professional ranks and position categories implemented at the Columbia University Libraries in 1973-74. Aspects covered include evolution of the two-track system, characteristics of the professional ranks system, criteria for promotion, the peer review process, and characteristics of the professional position…

In seven experiments, college or high school students studied texts containing either adjunct application or adjunct factual questions. Students were then tested for their ability to apply the presented concepts. Results suggested that the type of adjunct question had little influence on students' later ability to apply presented concepts.…

Describes research that examined (1) the extent to which cultural experiences are translated into levels of conceptualization behavior of experientially advantaged and disadvantaged Black children as evidenced by their performances on a pictorial problems-solving task, and (2) the extent to which experiential deprivation contributes to verbal and…

A dozen different approaches that yield 13 reliability indices for criterion-referenced tests were identified and grouped into three categories: threshold loss function, squared-error loss function, and domain score estimation. Indices were evaluated within each category. (Author/RL)

Shows how elaboration theory (ET) sequences the concepts in a taxonomy and argues that the product of an ET analysis is usually in general agreement with sequencing based on learning prerequisite relationships, and that ET sequencing of taxonomic concepts will not violate learning prerequisite relationships. (Author/MER)

Symptom scales were developed for three parallel symptom checklists for three types of informants used in diagnostic evaluation. These scales were designed to maximize the comparability of data across informants without sacrificing the distinctiveness of different evaluators' frames of reference. Cluster analyses of checklists yielded nine…

This paper presents a scheme for classifying learning tasks, a scale built from that scheme, and data obtained from utilizing the scale with secondary students in various subject areas. (Author/SJL)

The assumptions underlying the classfication rule-learning description of concept acquisition are critically examined. An alternative characterization of what it means to have a primacy hypothesis and Gibson's position that knowledge of the world is a product of direct perception are discusssed. (Author/RD)

College students read two passages. Four groups answered questions requiring either a summary, a new example of the concept, a list of critical attributes of the concept, or identification of a new example. The "identify post-question group" showed the greatest accuracy in classifying new examples. (Author/MH)

Described is a creative approach to the use of contact slides as a means of student participation in a learning unit on animal classification. The finished product is a slide presentation in which students themselves have made the slides and taped the narration. (CS)

The paper presents a consolidated criteria model which can be used to identify the discrepancy and severity level of learning disabled students. (Author/SBH)