The revised college and university classification system of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching reflects health and expansion in higher education, with net growth in number of institutions listed. The greatest numerical increase was in two-year colleges, the greatest percentage increase in one research university category. Over…

The role of context in categorization was examined in four experiments with three month olds. Findings demonstrated that categorization of a novel object is influenced by the context present when the object is initially encountered and by previous encounters with that object in the category context, indicating that infants are capable of…

A survey of library school cataloging educators and practitioners indicated that entry-level catalogers may not be sufficiently prepared for their first professional positions, and supported expanded graduate programs and advanced courses and practicums that utilize practitioners for instruction. Tables display survey responses in rank order. (JKP)

Provides a survey of the second language literature on the role of formulaic language, focusing on communicative, production, and learning strategy functions of such language. The need to address the theoretical and methodological difficulties surrounding the definition and identification of formulaic language is discussed. (105 references) (MDM)

An optimal unbiased classification rule is proposed based on a longitudinal model for the measurement of change in ability. In general, the rule predicts future level of knowledge by using information about level of knowledge at entrance, its rate of growth, and the amount of within-individual variation. (SLD)

Advances several explanations of why loyalty may not bring expected benefits; tests these explanations by examining responses to dissatisfaction in the everyday lives of partners in ongoing dating relationships. A diary study of dating partners revealed that partners disagreed on the occurrence of loyalty. Other findings are discussed. (RJM)

A method is presented for extending full versus restricted model testing to predictive discriminant analysis when the criterion of model accuracy is classification hit rate. An example is presented involving the dropout or school persistence of 76 5th graders, and a computer program for the analysis is introduced. (SLD)

Two studies involving approximately 3,500 college students were conducted to establish and validate a self-report method of identifying nonclinical young adults with significant borderline personality disorder features and to evaluate clinical correlates of this classification across relevant areas of functioning. Results support the validity of…

A study of the ability of different models--including the classification techniques of discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and neural networks--to predict the academic success of master's degree students in business administration suggests that prediction is difficult, but that classification and nonparametric techniques may be…

Provides a typology of power strategies used by young children, based on observations of early childhood classrooms. Distinguishes between violent and nonviolent strategies; within nonviolent strategies, between physical and discursive strategies; within discursive strategies, between the use of rules and other strategies; and within the use of…

Presents a taxonomy describing various uses of artificial intelligence techniques in automated instructional development systems. Instructional systems development is discussed in relation to the design of computer-based instructional courseware; two systems being developed at the Air Force Armstrong Laboratory are reviewed; and further research…

Suggests that teachers should consider which questions to ask as a part of instructional preparation. To ensure that diversity and critical thinking are involved, a teacher should use a taxonomy for a template when writing questions. Presents and discusses Bloom's taxonomy, Gagne's levels of learning, and a taxonomy for general science process…

A technique is presented to transform incomplete categorical data into complete data by imputing appropriate scores into missing cells. A solution of the optimization problem is suggested, and relevant psychometric theory is discussed. The average correlation should be at least 0.50 before the method becomes practical. (SLD)

A study analyzed data from four national surveys of the American professoriate conducted between 1969 and 1988. To assess whether groups of institutions might be accumulating advantage relative to others, research activities were compared across five Carnegie institution types. An overall strengthening of research emphasis and other changes…

Describes the differences between and within American secondary schools. Types of schools are discussed, and institutional analyses are recommended for creating ethnological typologies. School culture is suggested as a basis for typology. Three comprehensive and supposedly similar public high schools are examined, and their significant cultural…