This book focuses on the promotion and development of science learning from the Foundation Stage to Key Stage 2. The four authors have extensive experience in initial teacher education and in primary schooling and this is evident in the emphasis on practical examples and evidence-based guidance. They offer examples and case studies designed to…

This book is designed for courses that prepare college and university students for undergraduate or graduate degrees in school library media. Its objectives are to present the theory and practice of cataloging and classification in the school library environment. The manual is divided into eight chapters. Chapter 1: A Brief History of Cataloging…

Information technologies (IT) continue to grow in importance for independent colleges and universities. Increasingly, students assume a digital world, from online application and registration, to course materials, to communicating with classmates and professors. To stay competitive for students as well as to enhance instructional and…

The National Postsecondary Education Cooperative (NPEC), with the support of the U.S. Department of Education's National Center for Education Statistics, was formed to develop ways to improve the utility of information for policy making at all levels and in all sectors of the postsecondary education enterprise. This report provides a model for…

This paper compares two methods of establishing content validity, forced-choice judgmental review and a latent category judgmental review. It also compares content validity evidence with the results of a scale reliability analysis and makes recommendations of the two content validity procedures. Two different groups of graduate students enrolled…

The experience of Asian Americans as a racial category and as a multiplicity of identities in the United States is examined. Demographically, Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. Race continues to be the major organizing principle in the United States for black and nonblack minorities, including…

The purpose of this paper is to derive optimal rules for variable-length mastery tests in case three mastery classification decisions (nonmastery, partial mastery, and mastery) are distinguished. In a variable-length or adaptive mastery test, the decision is to classify a subject as a master, a partial master, a nonmaster, or continuing sampling…

The 11 chapters in this book, each contributed by a different author, are organized around the "3P model" of learning at the college level developed by John Biggs, which allows teachers to monitor and modify their teaching in light of students' learning. The 3P model includes presage (student and situational variables), process (how…

This publication is a collection of 13 hands-on activities that focus on earth science-related activities and involve students in learning about growing crystals, tectonics, fossils, rock and minerals, modeling Ohio geology, geologic time, determining true north, and constructing scale-models of the Earth-moon system. Each activity contains…

Profiling the proven cataloging methods of experts from libraries, art galleries, museums, and other institutions, this sourcebook outlines cataloging techniques for a wide variety of resources from ancient artifacts to architectural drawings. A data dictionary of relevant MARC fields is also included, along with data conversion comments. A…

This survey of Association of Research Libraries (ARL) members gathered data on library support staff classification specifications in ARL libraries, the process for classifying these positions, and salary and title comparisons with similar positions outside of the library. It also asked when the last classification study was performed within the…

This paper examines trends in second language communication strategies (CSs), explaining that when language learners concentrate on form or accuracy, they encounter problems, and when they recognize the mismatch between their linguistic resources and communicative intentions, they try to solve these problems using CSs (e.g., appeals for help,…

Using data from a survey of more than 1,900 first-year students at a large research institution, this study applied J.L. Holland's theory of personality and environment to examine the ways in which students view diversity. Holland categories, individual characteristics such as race and gender and interactions with people of color before college…

Greater learning can be promoted by delivering information through a variety of media and through the use of interactive applications. In this paper, the effect of information technology on learning is seen as a function of how well interactive technologies support a specific model of learning and how appropriate that model is to the learning…

A method of item pool design is proposed that uses an optimal blueprint for the item pool calculated from the test specifications. The blueprint is a document that specifies the attributes that the items in the computerized adaptive test (CAT) pool should have. The blueprint can be a starting point for the item writing process, and it can be used…