A study investigated reconstructive recall for linguistic style. It was hypothesized that (1) features of linguistic style would be more difficult to recall than underlying content, (2) reconstructive errors would include stylistic forms recalled as standard forms when subjects lacked productive control of a particular feature of a style, and (3)…

This description of a method for using task analysis information to derive skill and knowledge requirements in the development of a training course begins by considering two important aspects of deriving skill and knowledge requirements. First, it is argued that task description is an important part of system design and training development in…

This publication has been developed for use as an educational aid and practical reference guide to assessing standards information in Canada, where pressure has increased to implement existing standards and to develop new ones, and where increasing competition in international trade has emphasized the need for industries to comply with foreign…

A study investigated how young children understand natural kind terms by examining how 3- and 4-year-olds rely on category membership to draw inductive inferences about objects. One hundred four children (53 girls and 51 boys) from six preschools in California and Michigan participated in the study. The children were shown 10 sets of pictures of…

A study investigated whether very young children use the concept of mutual exclusivity to make an initial link between a word and an object, and whether its use is linked to age or intelligence differences. Three groups of normally-developing children, aged 1 to 3 years, and three groups of older, mildly retarded children with similar levels of…

This guide is designed to introduce the student to some of the major sources of advertising information available in the Fogler Library at the University of Maine. A brief description and exploration of the card catalog, Library of Congress Subject Headings, Library of Congress Classification System, and the Dewey Decimal System are included. In…

Created as one part of a comprehensive curriculum for teaching writing from kindergarten through twelfth grade, this guide focuses on expressive writing. Following an introduction describing the goals of the writing project, the preface points out that the guide is based on the comprehensive model of James Kinneavy's "A Theory of Discourse,…

The fourth part of a four-year K-12 curriculum guide project for teaching writing, this guide deals with the literary aim (or purpose) for creating composition--which challenges the individual to develop a creative style found in the novel, short story, drama, or poem, and which encompasses both fiction and nonfiction. The preface explains that…

Current methods and instruments for assessing college student academic outcomes are identified and described, and possible outcome measures of NCRIPTAL's (National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching and Learning) are suggested. Section I defines college outcomes from several perspectives, including pressures for outcome…

This manual presents the policies and procedures of the Sarah K. Davidson Family-Patient library, which provides information on children's health problems for pediatric inpatients and their families at the Strong Memorial Hospital of the University of Rochester, New York. The development of the library, and its classification, library use,…

Designed for use in school libraries, this manual outlines simplified procedures for cataloging, defined as the indexing of an item; for classification, defined as the assignment of a subject number to the item; and for processsing, defined as the preparation of the item so that it can be borrowed from the library. The manual is divided into 10…

Using decision points from Esther Piercy's "Commonsense Cataloging" as a framework for analysis, this paper compares the opinions of experts on cataloging, classification, and shelf arrangement of audiovisual materials in school libraries, public libraries, and media centers with actual practices in four school and community libraries in…

In 1981, James Coleman reported results of a study indicating that private schools were superior to public schools. He claimed that supporting private schools through tax credits or vouchers was in the interest of society. To explore the possibility that differences attributed to schools might be due to differences in student skills, motivation,…

Little is known about how teachers encourage memory activity and strategy use in children. In order to gain such information, 69 teachers of grades K through 6 were observed in five 30-minute periods. A total of 292 strategy suggestions and 15 instances in which the teacher attempted to suppress spontaneous strategy use were observed. Teachers…

Monette divides the definitions of needs into four categories. Basic needs are caused by a deficiency and lead to gratification-seeking behavior. Felt needs are self-defined wants or desires which, when expressed, suggest an unmet need and a means of gratification or imply ultimate goals. A normative need refers to a deficiency between the present…