IN MANY AREAS WHERE TWO LANGUAGE GROUPS LIVE SIDE BY SIDE LARGE NUMBERS IN BOTH GROUPS TEND TO RESIST BECOMING ADEPT IN THE OTHER LANGUAGE DESPITE EVERY OPPORTUNITY TO DO SO. ONE POSSIBLE REASON FOR THE RESISTANCE TO BILINGUALISM MIGHT BE THE BELIEF HELD BY MANY THAT BILINGUALISM AND INTELLIGENCE HAVE A NEGATIVE CORRELATION. UNTIL RECENTLY,…

This report summarizes information presented in a technical report concerning the role of vocabulary knowledge in reading comprehension and is designed to be read by educators not directly involved in research themselves. It states that while an assessment of the number of meanings a reader knows enables a remarkably accurate prediction of an…

The development of concept usage was studied in 120 normal, mildly retarded, and moderately retarded children. A forced-choice match-to-standard task was used, with the equivalence matches compared with the Ss' explanations of their choices. Among the findings were that performance was related to the stimulus condition (competing versus…

This report describes an experimental system for drawing simple pictures on a computer graphics terminal using natural language input. The system is capable of drawing lines, points, and circles on command from the user, as well as answering questions about system capabilities and objects on the screen. Erasures are permitted and language input…

Two fifth grade measures of the ability to deal with symbolic relationships were developed for use in future factor analytic research concerning the nature of intelligence. Circle Reasoning was adopted from an adult level test by modifying the number of symbols and the nature of the principles on which the items were based. Item analysis results…

In order of importance, curriculum, motivation, academic ability, and teaching methods are described in this paper as principles affecting classroom learning that can lead to more effective instruction. Curriculum simply exposes students to appropriate content and subject matter. Educational research should concentrate on the evaluation of…

The "Complementary Sheet" is applicable to Wechsler Scales: WBI, WBII, WISC, and WAIS. It consists of two sides of one sheet and has space for data collection of Picture Arrangement, Block Design, Object Assembly, and Digit Symbol or Coding. It lends itself well to an analysis of the means, not just the end result, of an examinee's…

The simplicity of standard score systems, percentile equivalents, and their relation to the ideal normal distribution are discussed and illustrated. Standard scores are z-scores, the T-scores, College Entrance Examination Board scores, and Army General Classification Test scores. A derivative of the general standard score system is the stanine…

A series of studies were conducted to determine how Army personnel in Mental Category IV and in other mental categories compare in their job performance and in their overall suitability for military service. Information is provided concerning the demands for reading, arithmetic, and listening skills in four major military occupational specialties.…

Three systems for defining cognitive abilities, proposed by Guilford, Guttman, and the Thurstones, are examined as bases for specifying reference tests for cognitive abilities. The authors propose the cognition of concepts system as a fourth alternative. Tests constructed and/or adapted on the basis of this examination are described. (Author)

The primary aim of these five technical papers is to indicate aspects of proof theory which may be of use in the study of non-numerical computing. The three main papers are entitled: "Checking of Computer Programs;""Consistency Proofs and Programs for Translators;" and "Experiments with Computers on the Complexity of Non-numerical computations."…

The past 20 years have seen a resurgence of interest on the part of psychologists in what used to be called "the higher mental processes," with the difference that while the earlier workers were concerned with the power of reasoning, recent interest has centered upon the use of language. The scope of the material that has appeared is frequently…

The Slosson Intelligence Test, unlike most current measures of intelligence, uses a ratio method of mental age divided by chronological age to obtain an IQ score. Standard deviations are not stable across age levels. It is concluded that the Slosson is inappropriate for use in the diagnosis of mental retardation. (Author)

The Michigan Gender Identity Test (MGIT) was administered to 52 retarded children (three to ten years old) and 36 normal children (two to five years old) to assess the acquisition of gender identity. (Author)

The pilot study investigates a method by which blind individuals might administer an abbreviated form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. (Author/SBH)