Empirical evaluations of learning with hypertext have shown contradictory results. Adaptive hypertext was introduced to solve some problems when learning with hypertext. This paper reports on two empirical studies comparing different forms of adaptive hypertext. In the first experiment, four treatments were realized by a combination of adaptive…

This paper discusses a radically different set of assumptions to improve educational outcomes for disadvantaged students. It is argued that disadvantaged children, when exposed to carefully organized thinking-oriented instruction, can acquire the traditional basic skills in the process of reasoning and solving problems. The paper is presented in…

Perceptive listening is obviously crucial to the musical experience. Developing perceptive listening in students of widely varying levels of aptitude and achievement is a great challenge for any music teacher. Efforts must be individualized to be effective, and computer-based instruction provides the necessary tools for individualization. The…

The purpose of this symposium on research in distance education was to continue the process of building the network of scholars and climate of cooperation and communication necessary for further development of distance education and to provide an opportunity for discussion. Four main areas of focus for the symposium were learning and…

This investigation of a decade of discussion on the uses of media for adult learning continues a collection of information that was initiated in September 1974 in an earlier bibliography. This report describes the methodology and search strategies employed in a comprehensive review of research on the applications of visual and digital technologies…

This study guide helps a student become a more effective classroom teacher and maximizes the ability to retain the material and apply it through the use of effective study skills, specifically the "SQ4R study system." The study guide provides discussion questions and exercises on the topics and issues covered in "Applying…

The existence, before any formal physics instruction, of schemata which lead to an idiosyncratic interpretation of real world events, which physicists see as exemplifying principles of physics, is now well established. Because these interpretations are often at variance with physicists' interpretations, they have been labeled, among others,…

The purpose of this research bulletin is to provide educational decision-makers with empirical data for making informed decisions relative to the integration of technology in schools. Ten expanded abstracts of research studies are included here, each with a background/problem statement, list of study goals, description of methodology, conclusion…

A comprehensive how-to guide is presented to help in developing individualized instruction for adult learners. The guide provides information on planning, organizing, and implementing an effective personalized process for instructing adults to help them achieve their full learning potential. The monograph is divided into three parts: Part 1,…

A select portion of the educational management literature is reviewed in the three sections of this paper. The first section discusses literature concerning the amount of time students spend in school. Specific attention is given to the quantity of schooling, the allocation of school time, student engagement in academic tasks, and the relationship…

Web-based learning environments are often criticized for being driven by technology rather than by learning theories. The author created a learning environment consisting of online and offline components that are combined to exploit the advantages of both hypermedia technology and face-to-face instruction. She presents the pedagogical rationale…

This study describes instructional design elements most valued by nontraditional adult learners in hybrid learning environments that combine limited face-to-face contact with online learning and collaboration. It identifies the online course features and instructional goals selected as most important by a sample of 67 adults. It then compares this…

New instructional procedures for the competency-based curriculum for pharmacy education are examined by educators. The evolution of the competency-based program at the College of Pharmacy at the University of Minnesota is described, and information is presented concerning the classroom instructional model, the development of performance…

A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO DESIGNING TRAINING IS DESCRIBED AND DISCUSSED, AND FACTORS BEARING ON TRAINING EFFECTIVENESS ARE CONSIDERED. AN EFFICIENT INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM IS ONE IN WHICH THE COMPONENTS FORM AN INTEGRATED WHOLE TO ACHIEVE MAXIMUM EFFECTIVENESS WITH THE LOWEST COST. SYSTEM COMPONENTS INCLUDE PRESENTATION MEDIA, STUDENT MANAGEMENT,…

THE SYSTEMS APPROACH TO PLANNING IS USEFUL IN DESIGNING MORE EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS. IT SPECIFIES INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES, COORDINATES APPROPRIATE METHODS, AND EVALUATES THE RESULTING INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM. CONFLICTS CAN ARISE FROM INDIVIDUAL INTERPERTATIONS OF INTEREST IN SPECIFIC PROGRAMS. A COMPREHENSIVE, EQUITABLE…