This paper presents evidence that four design principles commonly embodied in artificial knowledge systems are inconsistent with human cognitive capabilities. Because these principles are widely accepted as characteristics of human knowledge processing, common theoretical properties related to cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence which…

Democratic values are supported and promoted best in the elementary school when educational experiences are so conducted that the individual grows in stature to think and choose for himself. (RC)

The present study compared diagnostic classification of the standard and an abbreviated form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale using brain-damaged and psychiatric patients as subjects. Multivariate analysis of the results revealed a fair degree of similarity between the two forms of WAIS. (SE)

The relationship of creativity and intelligence to self-concept was examined in Israeli children (N=159) of superior intelligence across a wide age range. It was concluded that for children of superior intelligence, differences in creativity level were far more implicated in personal-social adjustment than were differences in intelligence level.…

A description of a fully operational AI-CAI system which incorporates artificial intelligence techniques to perform question answering, hypothesis verification, and theory formation activities in the domain of electronic trouble-shooting. (Author)

This paper describes an experiment on the "linguistic" synthesis of a controller for a model industrial plant (a steam engine). Fuzzy logic is used to convert heuristic control rules stated by a human operator into an automatic control strategy. (Author)

Some of the key problems of educational equality -- equality of opportunities and inequality of performance; individual differences vs. group differences, coping with group inequality -- are made explicit. (Author/KM)

Art-oriented students evidenced significantly more unique responses than science-oriented students on a divergent thinking test. (Author)

Concludes that a significant sex difference in coding performance favoring girls was discovered on two components of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. (RB)

This report summarizes and interprets the discussions at a seminar on artificial intelligence (AI) training domains and knowledge representations which was sponsored by the United Kingdom Training Commission. The following broad areas are addressed: (1) the context, process, and diversity of requirements of training and training needs; (2)…

This paper is an introductory discussion of industrial training, artificial intelligence (AI), and AI applications in training, prepared in the context of the United Kingdom Training Commission (TC) program. Following an outline of the activities and aims of the program, individual sections describe perspectives on: (1) training needs, including…

The ultimate goal of the science of artificial intelligence (AI) is to establish programs that will use algorithmic computer techniques to imitate the heuristic thought processes of humans. Most AI programs, especially expert systems, organize their knowledge into three specific areas: data storage, a rule set, and a control structure. Limitations…

This paper proposes the use of a rule-based computer programming language as a standard for the expression of rules, arguing that the adoption of a standard would enable researchers to communicate about rules in a consistent and significant way. Focusing on the formal equivalence of artificial intelligence (AI) programming to different types of…

While research has examined both life satisfaction and intellectual functioning of older adults, the relationship between these two dimensions has been investigated very little. A study was conducted to explore continuity in intellectual functioning over time in advanced old age, continuity in life satisfaction during the same period, the…

Possible future developments in artificial intelligence (AI) as well as its limitations are considered that have implications for institutional research in higher education, and especially decision making and decision support systems. It is noted that computer software programs have been developed that store knowledge and mimic the decision-making…