This study of third-grade and fourth-grade children with (n=59) and without (n=57) learning disabilities found that LD students perceived themselves as less competent in the areas of intelligence, academic skills, behavior, and social acceptance. Contrary to expectations, subjects' self-perceptions were not affected by the choice of LD or general…

Includes abstracts of 18 special interest group (SIG) sessions. Highlights include natural language processing, information science and terminology science, classification, knowledge-intensive information systems, information value and ownership issues, economics and theories of information science, information retrieval interfaces, fuzzy thinking…

Calls for careful but unemotional criticism of "The Bell Curve." Notes that: three chapters that deal with the IQ-race relationship have received most critical attention; genetically based racial categories do not exist; disadvantaged minority-group students have achieved success in Catholic schools with high expectations of students;…

This article reports the results of using a three-layer back propagation artificial neural network to predict item difficulty in a reading comprehension test. Three classes of variables were examined: text structure, propositional analysis, and cognitive demand. Results demonstrate that the networks can consistently predict item difficulty. (JL)

Presents an interview with a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Highlights include school improvement, cognitive development, multiple intelligences theory, school reform issues, national assessment and standards, the value of education in the United States and other countries, curriculum development, schools of the future,…

Explores some speculative hypotheses on states of knowing and learning, and how these states and processes might be applied to artificial intelligence and expert systems development. (JKP)

Views school readiness as an ideological issue affecting American society and dominated by middle-class white values, which results in different treatment for middle-class students and "deficient students." Advocates moving away from a two-tiered system of education and toward a more democratic form of schooling that recognizes multiple…

Considers the possibility of designing CAI (computer-assisted instruction) systems that are managed by semantic networks. Topics discussed include general descriptions of the suggested approach, lesson-presentation modes, and the architecture of a CAI system managed by a semantic network. (10 references) (MES)

Focuses on problems with using intelligence testing with Native American clients. Presents several anecdotes from vocational counselor training program with Cree and Ojibwa students, including two Native elders, to demonstrate the validity problems and certain problems with the administration of intelligence tests in general. Recommends that such…

Considers individual differences in cognitive and social functioning and how and why those differences are measured. Presents some issues that are believed to be historically important to the development of testing, particularly intelligence testing, and consequently to the practice of school psychology. Discusses some continuing problems with…

The intellectual and achievement characteristics of 906 students with learning disabilities (LD) and 836 students referred but deemed ineligible for special services were studied. LD students achieved significantly below ineligible students, and exhibited severe discrepancies between expected and actual achievement. Indiana's LD guidelines for…

Discussed is the blurring of humans and machines into a Conscious Technology civilization. Discussed are the leading indicators of this trend, the explosion of human consciousness, policy implications of this view, and this view as a criterion for policy analysis and future product development. (KR)

The hypothesis that individual differences in guidance of the motor response may partially account for movement time-intelligence quotient covariance (MT-IQ) was tested using 43 seventh and eighth graders performing 4 tasks. MT-IQ correlations were significant and as large as decision time-IQ correlations. Results suggest the necessity of…

Seven visually impaired men in India were interviewed regarding their attitudes toward integration and the problems they were facing. Their Intelligence Quotients and levels of anxiety were also assessed. It was found that, for successful mainstreaming, the characteristics of individuals are as important as the social environments in which they…

Students (n=107) in grades 4-6 were administered tests of evaluative ability and divergent thinking. Results indicated that evaluative abilities can be reliably assessed and that there was a significant relationship between divergent thinking and evaluative skill. The evaluative measures were negatively correlated with intelligence test scores.…