Researchers in the Department of Bioengineering at Rice University are developing a new approach for fighting cancer, based on nanoshells that can both detect and destroy cancerous cells. The aim is to locate the cells, and be able to make a rational choice about whether they need to be destroyed and if possible they should immediately be sent for…

This book is the third report of the Committee on Techniques for the Enhancement of Human Performance. Based on hundreds of research studies of learning and human performance as reported in the literature, the book consists of 11 chapters organized in five parts. The two chapters of the first part provide the background and summary of the…

Technical services workstations (TSWs) are personal computers that have been customized for use in technical services departments. To gather information on their use and prevalence in research libraries, the Program for Cooperative Cataloging Standing Committee on Automation surveyed the 119 members of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL)…

The four conditions of ergonomics, a new technology that has emerged to investigate and improve man's relationship with his working environment, are discussed. Its main task is adapting work to fit the needs of man. (Author/BP)

Good nutrition for athletes demands plenty of water, since water is essential to such vital functions as muscle reactions. Dehydration can result from jet travel as well as from exercise and heat, making it a danger to traveling athletic teams. To avoid dehydration, water needs should be monitored by frequent weighing, and a clean water supply…

Argues that changes in the industrial output of other nations, and the stridency of today's workers have made businessmen more aware of the need to find solutions to the problems facing them, and explores job enlargement, modified workweeks, and the psychology of responsiveness. (JM)

Proposes an operant framework for the analysis of environment-intelligence interactions in old age and calls for an implementation of research aimed at examining the range of modifiability of intellectual proficiency in the elderly. Intellectual decrement is interpreted to reflect the lack of supportive environmental contingencies. (Author/SDH)

Various aspects of automation are explained to differentiate it from technology and mechanization and to show the difference between using equipment to help humans and using equipment to replace humans. Five reasons are given for engineering psychology to focus its attention on automation. Automation issues in a number of areas are discussed,…

Unesco is playing an increasingly important role in helping developing countries adapt school furniture in line with educational methods and goals. This publication includes an independent evaluation of Unesco's school furniture projects in Sri Lanka and Tunisia. For purposes of comparison, evaluation of a furniture project carried out by the…

Facility requirements are presented for the indoor and outdoor living and learning facilities and areas of the proposed Francis Jefferson Coates Country Campus of the Missouri School for the Blind in St. Louis. The requirements were developed in view of the major goals and purposes of the institution--to provide exposure to a variety of learning…

Recent scientific literature was searched to review procedures currently being used to study human reactions to work and environmental stress. An ecological context is followed, considering task variables, environmental conditions, individual variations in subjects, and physiological, psychophysical, psychological, and sociological responses. The…

The recent emphasis on career education accentuates the problem of transforming and organizing information work domain into information that can be applied to educational problems. A comprehensive taxonomy of human work and accompanying measurement devices suitable for educational purposes is needed. This report describes a systematic procedure…

Two approaches to vocational reintegration of handicapped workers are described: (1) adapting the disabled to the working environment through treatment, therapy, counseling, selective placement, and prostheses, and (2) adapting the working environment to particular handicaps, with the assistive device fitted to the machine or tool rather than to…

Discusses the impact of automation on library technical services, and the need for library managers to be aware of the issues involved and to plan for future developments. The discussion focuses on the areas of job related concerns of technical staff, organizational structures, recruitment and training, and ergonomic considerations. (CLB)

This second in a series of six articles introducing microcomputer applications in smaller libraries describes the main microcomputer hardware components--processors, internal and external memory, buses, printers, communications, hardware. Importance of ergonomic factors in equipment design, multi-user and network configurations, and the role of…