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Mabel L. Rice; Kathleen Kelsey Earnest; Lesa Hoffman – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2023
Purpose: Identification of children with specific language impairment (SLI) can be difficult even though their language can lag that of age peers throughout childhood. A clinical grammar marker featuring tense marking in simple clauses is valid and reliable for young children but is limited by ceiling effects around the age of 8 years. This study…
Descriptors: Morphemes, Difficulty Level, Language Impairments, Children
Zsolt Molnár; Ágota Gyuris; Marianna Radács; Péter Nemes; István Bátori; Márta Gálfi – Cogent Education, 2023
Natural science in education can be summarized as a complex system. The professional and methodological task in the teaching of natural sciences is to convey this complexity. The terms and models of graph theory can be used to model the system approach, such as networks. Networks consist of elements and connections between them, which can be well…
Descriptors: Natural Sciences, Childhood Needs, Science Education, Difficulty Level
Uchenna Asogwa; T. Ryan Duckett; Amanda P. Malefyt; Lindsey Stevens; Gale Mentzer; Matthew W. Liberatore – Journal of Chemical Education, 2023
Complex problem solving is one of the skills desired in the 21st century workforce. Students can improve their problem-solving skills by working on homework problems, and creating new problems can be a stimulating and inventive exercise for student as well. Our previous studies explored the impacts of a novel homework pedagogy where students…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Student Centered Learning, Textbooks, Comparative Analysis
Short, Rosanne Chastain – ProQuest LLC, 2023
The purpose of this study was to understand faculty perspectives of institutional change. The context for the institutional change was a shift from a largely traditional student population with a focus on the liberal arts to a range of adult and non-traditional students seeking professional degrees. The three research questions which guided the…
Descriptors: Teacher Response, Educational Change, School Demography, College Faculty
Liu, Chan; Liu, Hao; Tan, Zhanglu – Education and Information Technologies, 2023
In online education, the appropriate choice of means of knowledge visualization can reduce cognitive load and improve cognitive efficiency. However, no universal basis for selection can cause confusion in the pedagogical context. This study used the revised Bloom's taxonomy to combine the types of knowledge with cognitive goals. We used a course…
Descriptors: Epistemology, Visualization, Eye Movements, Electronic Learning
Merita Xhetani; Kristjana Lapi – International Society for Technology, Education, and Science, 2023
Students in high school tend to find genetics difficult to learn because it requires some crosslinked knowledge about subjects like genes, proteins, cells, tissues as well as organs and systems. It also becomes more difficult to connect and explain concepts such as the gene expression at the level of the cell to conceptualize the effect of the…
Descriptors: Genetics, High School Students, Student Attitudes, Science Instruction
Tuyuan Cheng – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2023
The relationship between working memory (WM) and language processing has been extensively investigated in cognitive research. Previous studies mostly obtain evidence from measuring the involvement of WM in complex syntactic structures reported with well-established processing asymmetry, e.g., relative clauses (RCs) in English. Rarely considered is…
Descriptors: Memory, Interference (Learning), Short Term Memory, Language Processing
Leila Etemadi; Dan-Anders Jirenhed; Anders Rasmussen – npj Science of Learning, 2023
Eyeblink conditioning is used in many species to study motor learning and make inferences about cerebellar function. However, the discrepancies in performance between humans and other species combined with evidence that volition and awareness can modulate learning suggest that eyeblink conditioning is not merely a passive form of learning that…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Intervals
Yim, Hyungwook; Dennis, Simon J.; Sloutsky, Vladimir M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Models of statistical learning do not place constraints on the complexity of the memory structure that is formed during statistical learning, while empirical studies using the statistical learning task have only examined the formation of simple memory structures (e.g., two-way binding). On the contrary, the memory literature, using explicit memory…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, Barriers, Memory, Difficulty Level
Chen, Zhong; Hale, John T. – Cognitive Science, 2021
Information-theoretic complexity metrics, such as Surprisal (Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008) and Entropy Reduction (Hale, 2003), are linking hypotheses that bridge theorized expectations about sentences and observed processing difficulty in comprehension. These expectations can be viewed as syntactic derivations constrained by a grammar. However, this…
Descriptors: Sentences, Language Processing, Phrase Structure, Nouns
Gross, Marina P.; Dobbins, Ian G. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Under cognitive load theory, time pressure/urgency-induced arousal is a major contributor to pupil dilation during cognition. However, pupillometric encoding studies have failed to consider the possible role of time pressure/urgency effects, instead often assuming that encoding dilations directly reflect encoding strength. To isolate possible…
Descriptors: Memory, Physiology, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level
De Nil, Luc; Isabella, Silvia; Jobst, Cecilia; Kwon, Soonji; Mollaei, Fatemeh; Cheyne, Douglas – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: The planning and execution of motor behaviors require coordination of neurons that are established through synchronization of neural activity. Movements are typically preceded by event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the beta range (15--30 Hz) primarily localized in the motor cortex, while movement onset is associated with…
Descriptors: Brain, Perceptual Motor Coordination, Verbal Communication, Nonverbal Communication
Del Missier, Fabio; Stragà, Marta; Visentini, Mimì; Munaretto, Giulio; Mäntylä, Timo – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Research on prospective memory has paid no attention to the way in which the intentions to be remembered are framed. In two studies on time-based prospective memory, participants had to remember multiple delayed intentions framed as time rules (i.e., respond every 7 min, every 10 min) or as a series of corresponding instances (i.e., respond at…
Descriptors: Intention, Memory, Time Perspective, Cognitive Processes
Kleinkorres, Ruben; Forthmann, Boris; Holling, Heinz – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
Up to now, support for the idea that a controlled component exists in creative thought has mainly been supported by correlational studies; to further shed light on this issue, we employed an experimental approach. We used four alternate uses tasks that differed in instruction type ("be fluent" vs. "be creative") and concurrent…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Creative Thinking, Creativity, Correlation
Meyer, Kristina; Sommer, Werner; Hildebrandt, Andrea – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
The study of socio-cognitive abilities emerged from intelligence research, and their specificity remains controversial until today. In recent years, the psychometric structure of face cognition (FC)--a basic facet of socio-cognitive abilities--was extensively studied. In this review, we summarize and discuss the divergent psychometric structures…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Social Cognition, Difficulty Level, Human Body