This study examined the difficulty level of essay topics used in the large-scale assessment of writing in relation to five different scoring models, and sought to determine what effects the scoring models would have on passing rates. In model one, examinee's score is the direct result of a score assigned by the reader or the sum of scores assigned…

The conceptual groundwork needed to examine the impact of technology, primarily microcomputers, on student learning is presented. Medium, method, and context are tied with a science of design. In section I, research on technology in higher education is reviewed, medium and method are defined, and interaction with context is discussed. Taxonomies…

The responses of U.S. students to a questionnaire that was attached to applications for the International Student Identity Card are presented and analyzed. The data were gathered in a study of the characteristics, attitudes, financial support, prior experience abroad, and study and travel arrangements of U.S. students going abroad. After an…

To examine the role of elaborations in learning a procedural skill (i.e., using a personal computer) from an instructional text, 88 members of the Carnegie-Mellon University community (students, faculty, and staff members) participated in two experiments. Experimental sessions consisted of a reading period followed by a task performance period in…

The Science/Technology/Society (STS) theme describes a contemporary trend in education which focuses on the teaching of issues such as air quality, nuclear power, land use, and water resources but justification for including STS in the high school core curriculum has a precedence based on historical connections among science, technology, and…

Staff development activities for teachers in 20 Teacher Corps projects were analyzed for this report. The primary sources of data were documentation essays and interviews, although self report and demographic questionnaires and training logs were also used. Hypotheses were generated from Teacher Corps Rules and Regulations, research literature,…

A physical fitness curriculum, designed to provide cumulative benefits in a sequential pattern, is based upon a framework of a conceptual structure. The curriculum's ultimate goal is the achievement of greater physiological efficiency through a holistic approach that would strengthen circulatory-respiratory, mechanical, and neuro-muscular…

Text and small black and white photographs reproduced in this booklet outline a slide presentation of the significant design directions that influence the character of school facilities. The locations and names of the schools and the architectural firms accompany the pictures. Energy conservation factors are illustrated by schools of passive or…

Program descriptions, articles, an annotated bibliography, and a survey report on programs and services for students who are underprepared for college work as freshmen are presented. The survey report considers program design and delivery strategies at about 300 colleges, and the program descriptions concern: advising, basic skills instruction and…

This paper describes a career resource center (CRC) and its importance to technical career programs. The role of the professional staff in helping students make crucial decisions is described. A review of the literature is presented which lists resources and information that may be helpful in setting up a career resource center. Data are reported…

The new Riverheights School, constructed by the Brandon (Manitoba) School Board for kindergarten through ninth grade students, was built as a "low-profile" school with an "earthberm" in order to save on heating, vandalism, and insurance costs and to integrate the building into a neighborhood park setting.…

This guide to the planning and design of school library or learning resources centers (LRC) is divided into two parts. Guidelines provided in the first section cover the planning responsibilities of the district LRC director and the learning resources specialist/librarian; development of educational specifications; location; required spaces;…

Drawing upon relevant literature, this paper addresses various aspects of the administration, design, and evaluation of community service programs in community colleges. First, the paper considers administrative issues. It proposes an administrative structure for the Community Services Division, outlines the duties of the dean and director of…

Efforts to integrate the gathering of student outcome data with the long-range planning efforts of Xavier University, Louisiana, a traditionally black college, are described. Attention is directed to the need for measurement of key performance indicators as perceived by students. Rather than soliciting students' views, their participation in…

The study of alternative conceptions, or interpretations of ideas which differ significantly from the accepted scientific view at any time, has made rapid progress in the last few years. A detailed review of the field is not provided, rather achievements made and challenges for the future are noted. Areas addressed include: (1) the elucidation of…