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Bayless, David L.; Nix, Charles W. – 1979
The merits and hazards of minimum competency testing for the individual student or for student groups are discussed. Types of groups which lend themselves to group application and some important factors in determining the parameters of a group are discussed. Ten critical issues related to minimum competency testing are identified: (1) scope of…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Cutting Scores, Difficulty Level, Elementary Secondary Education
Ohara, Takeshi; Purcell, Thomas D. – 1980
The relationship between student reported achievements (SRA) and student ratings of their corresponding course and teacher was investigated, from responses to the Instructor and Course Evaluation Questionnaire. The SRA consisted of 10 commonly accepted concepts of cognitive and individual development; their average was used as a measure of…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Classroom Environment, College Science, Correlation
Hisama, Kay K.; And Others – 1977
The optimal test length, using predictive validity as a criterion, depends on two major conditions: the appropriate item-difficulty rather than the total number of items, and the method used in scoring the test. These conclusions were reached when responses to a 100-item multi-level test of reading comprehension from 136 non-native speakers of…
Descriptors: College Students, Difficulty Level, English (Second Language), Foreign Students
Dauterman, Philip – Alberta English '70, 1970
The crucial variable in good classroom teaching is the verbal behavior of the teacher. Through his questioning techniques--what questions he asks, how and when he asks them, how he replies to students, and how he stimulates students to reply to each other--the teacher can evoke a high level of class discussion and force students to go beyond the…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Classroom Communication, Classroom Techniques, Decision Making Skills
McDaniel, Ernest; And Others – 1973
Performance in concrete and abstract tasks is examined systematically by varying the degree of abstractness of problem-solving and concept formation tasks. Four forms of a problem solving test were constructed. Each form of the test presented problem situations through four different modes: verbal stories, picture-book, color slides,…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Measurement, Cognitive Tests, Comparative Analysis
Pine, Steven M.; Weiss, David J. – 1976
This report examines how selection fairness is influenced by the item characteristics of a selection instrument in terms of its distribution of item difficulties, level of item discrimination, and degree of item bias. Computer simulation was used in the administration of conventional ability tests to a hypothetical target population consisting of…
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Bias, Computer Programs, Culture Fair Tests
Task Factors, Teacher Behavior, and Students' Involvement and Use of Learning Strategies in Science.

Blumenfeld, Phyllis C.; Meece, Judith L. – Elementary School Journal, 1988
Investigated the cognitive engagement of students in grades 4-6 who received science lessons that varied in the level of cognitive content, procedural complexity, and social organization. The variables did not significantly affect student involvement. Cognitive engagement was similar for tasks judged as low and high in difficulty. (SKC)
Descriptors: Classroom Research, Cognitive Processes, Course Content, Difficulty Level

Poduska, Ervin; Phillips, Darrell G. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1986
Describes a study of the mental processes college students use in thinking about speed. Piagetian-type tasks dealing with speed, time, and distance were used in an individual interview format. Males outperformed females on tasks relating to speed, but not on the other tasks. (TW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Science, Difficulty Level, Distance
Haksar, Lucy – Programmed Learning and Educational Technology, 1983
Describes design of an item bank for use with lower ability mathematics students in Scottish secondary schools. Aspects of bank usage discussed include raw score translation to measures on validated scales, test design for various purposes, and ways of recording and analyzing results. Test examples with corresponding outputs are given. (Author/MBR)
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Criterion Referenced Tests, Difficulty Level, Foreign Countries

Brumfit, Christopher; Rossner, Richard – ELT Journal, 1982
The foreign language teaching process depends on making various choices regarding materials, approaches, and activities. This decision-making process is analyzed, the needs behind it examined, and a decision hierarchy developed. A model is suggested for teacher education that incorporates this hierarchy into preservice, inservice, and graduate…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Decision Making, Decision Making Skills, Difficulty Level

Clifford, Margaret M.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Education, 1989
Field observation studies involving 121 American and 200 Chinese third- through fifth-grade students, aged 8 to 11 years, examined developmental and cultural patterns in academic risk-taking. Variables assessed included developmental stage, situational factors, curricular emphasis, optimum risk level, cultural background, gender, and industrial…
Descriptors: Academic Aspiration, Child Development, Comparative Analysis, Cross Cultural Studies

Griffith, Priscilla L.; And Others – Journal of Research in Education, 1992
Describes the use of Rasch item statistics for curricular analysis and instructional decision making. Uses a case study of application of the Rasch model in the pilot testing of items selected for criterion-referenced tests developed for grades one through eight in Charleston (South Carolina) schools. (SLD)
Descriptors: Ability, Case Studies, Criterion Referenced Tests, Curriculum Development

Clune, William H.; White, Paula A. – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 1992
Transcript data were analyzed to determine changes in course taking among graduates of high schools including mostly lower achieving students in California, Florida, Missouri, and Pennsylvania, which adopted high graduation requirements in the 1980s. Average credits per student increased in all academic subjects, as did the courses' difficulty…
Descriptors: Course Selection (Students), Credits, Difficulty Level, Economically Disadvantaged

Lane, Suzanne – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1991
The use of restricted item response models to test hypotheses regarding item difficulty ordering and slope uniformity was demonstrated in a study in which 597 algebra students were asked to solve word problems reflecting various types of cognitive processing. Benefits and limitations of the procedures are discussed. (SLD)
Descriptors: Algebra, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Tests

Keller, Clair W. – College Teaching, 1993
In one college course in colonial history, students read and review one of several designated books, then share their reviews with small groups at the culmination of study of that topic. Discussion groups then answer and discuss synthesis questions about the books. Student response to the approach has been positive. (MSE)
Descriptors: Book Reviews, Classroom Techniques, College Instruction, Cooperative Learning