This bibliographic review is a guide to publications on literacy in developing countries, which are available in English, French, Spanish, and German. Section I focuses on literacy and its relationship to orality. Section II addresses the interdependence of literacy and development. Definitions and conceptual approaches to literacy are discussed…

A study investigated the relationship of different aspects of anxiety and second language production in a relatively non-threatening oral production task. Subjects were 43 introductory psychology students who had completed grade 12 French instruction at least 1 year prior to the study who had not had any formal French instruction since then. The…

The three articles in this bulletin address various education problems in Latin America. Ernesto Schiefelbein ("Seven Strategies for Raising the Quality and Efficiency of the Education System") proposes seven educational strategies to confront existing problems, limitations, and the failure to retain students with few socioeconomic…

A follow-up study was undertaken at Yavapai College to determine why students stopped attending class and if possible to help them return to class. Instructors identified student "walk-outs" and notified Special Services staff who attempted to contact the students. In spring 1982, 129 walk-outs were contacted to determine why they had stopped…

The report reviews the status of black students in the Austin (Texas) Independent School District for the year 1982. It provides information on student enrollment, demographic distribution, achievement, graduation rates, achievement on college admission tests, retention and promotion, programs for low achievers, dropouts, discipline, vocational…

Years of research have shown that student learning is based on cognitive development. This finding has implications for the teaching of vocational education, especially to marginal students who are potential dropouts. Research has shown that students who have an internal rather than an external locus of control and who are more field independent…

This paper examines the issue of the loss of less competent children from schools as a result of the emphasis upon academic excellence. Studies are cited indicating that more than 90 percent of all secondary principals feel that their schools are improving; yet, as many as 25 percent of all children in a given sixth-grade class will drop out…

The extent to which schooling brings about change in the rank order of students along the hierarchies of intelligence is a pervasive sociological concern. Until quite recently the emerging consensus was that schooling is relatively ineffective in this regard and that intelligence is largely exogenous to the educational process. A study to…

The 1985 evaluation of the Adolescent Vocational Exploration Program (AVE) found that this New York State Department of Labor intervention and pre-employment project has been successful in increasing young people's chances of gaining employment and functioning productively in the labor market. Primarily for 14- and 15-year-olds, AVE seeks to…

The National Commission on Secondary Schooling for Hispanics (NCSSH) has found that secondary schooling for most Hispanics is not preparing them to assume productive and satisfying adult lives. This paper discusses whether the current or proposed reforms and strategies are meeting, or can meet, the needs and potential of Hispanic youth. It is…

This monograph characterizes the profession of school psychology, describes the roles of school psychologists in the Eugene (Oregon) Public Schools, and profiles Patricia Glassow, recently named School Psychologist of the Year by the Oregon School Psychologists Association. Among those interviewed were the school superintendent, the director of…

This study examined three questions: (1) Are district-wide reductions in teacher-pupil ratios related to gains in reading and mathematics achievement for students in grades 4, 8, and 11? (2) Are district-wide reductions in teacher-pupil ratios related to decreases in the percentage of students who leave school between grades 8 and 12 without…

Recent research has emphasized the need to identify the effectiveness of various coping strategies and social supports used by adolescent mothers. This study examined how adolescents cope with life stresses in nine problem areas. Participants were adolescent mothers who returned to school after the birth of their baby (N=40), adolescent mothers…

A study was conducted to provide information on the educational, economic, and personal characteristics of students in the Los Rios Community College District (California) and to compare the characteristics of first-time students (FTS); students who transferred from other community colleges, including noncompleter lateral transfer students (NCLT)…

This paper describes the school-community guidance centers authorized by the Texas legislature in 1981 in an attempt to decrease the incidence of student disruptive behavior and student contacts with the criminal justice system. The variety of services, including academic instruction, counseling, home/school liaison, and follow-up programs, are…