Previous findings from the study within which this research is located had uncovered students' approaches to learning in the context of a second year chemical engineering course. Using an analysis of students' reflections on their experience, the study has shown the existence of three approaches to learning in this context: an 'information-based'…

One set of approaches to the problem of clustering with dichotomous data in cluster analysis (CA) was studied. The techniques developed for clustering with binary data involve calculating distances between observations based on the variables and then applying one of the standard CA algorithms to these distances. One of the groups of distances that…

A mathematical programming approach is presented for computer adaptive testing (CAT) with many constraints on the item and test attributes. Because mathematical programming problems have to be solved while the examinee waits for the next item, a fast implementation of the Branch-and-Bound algorithm is needed for this approach. Eight modifications…

An English summary is provided for the article which gives the opportunity to solve original problems in linguistics, mathematics and computing science as well as to design descriptive and typological methods in archaeology. (6 references) (Author/SJ)

A brief history of the development of our present day Gregorian calendar is given. Methods are then given, based on congruences, to determine such things as the week-day for any given date and the date for Easter in any year. (LS)

Four algorithms for subtraction are described: borrow and pay back,'' equal additiions, shopkeepers' subtraction,'' and decomposition. (DT)

An algorithm, based upon factor analytic theory, is presented to illustrate one solution to the problem of selecting items for a test. (Authors)