The relation between past history of outcomes and achievement expectancies was examined for 72 elementary school students. (JMB)

Research reports have indicated that children's memories for pictures or events improved between early and later recall sessions in conjunction with operative growth. This study attempted to determine (1) if any intervening operative training task would increase memory improvements, and (2) if exposure to the memory stimulus per se would enhance…

This paper questions the assumption that a central processing deficit exists in the speed of performing mental operations by children as compared to adults. Two hypotheses are proposed and data are cited as evidence. (JMB)

This study is a replication of Piaget and Inhelder's intertask study of conservation and conservation-related tasks involving subjects ranging in age from nursery to second grade and using varying types of vessels. (SB)

This study documented a developmental model of children's understanding of the simultaneity of two emotions. Fourteen children at each of the nine age levels from 4 to 12 were studied. Children were questioned about (1) two emotions of same valence directed at the same target, (2) same valence/different target, (3) different valence/different…

Describes the adolescent self from the viewpoint of cognitive-developmental psychology. Discusses changes in society brought by the shift to a post-industrial society. Proposes that adolescents will be able to choose between accepting the status quo and striving to envision a better social reality. (CB)

To enhance the quality of learning among children, physical educators have the responsibility of challenging students to develop their higher order thinking skills. A dominating style of teaching may be in conflict with asking students to think. (MT)

A vignette procedure was used to elicit knowledge of delay of gratification strategies in 84 4-, 6-, and 8-year-old children. The 4-year-olds evinced minimal knowledge of effective delay strategies; 50% of 6-year-olds and 94% of 8-year-olds could describe at least one form of distractive strategy. (Author/BN)

Interpersonal conflicts of children in natural settings are the focus of this review of the empirical literature in social and cognitive development and sociolinguistics. The central role of conflict in various developmental theories is outlined. Studies indicate substantial relations between children's socio-cognitive functioning and their…

Two thinking strategies, concept formation and dialectical reasoning, are discussed and illustrated. The need for schools of education to teach thinking skills is stated, and concepts which should be addressed are suggested. (Author/MT)

Identifies and discusses general issues pertaining to research on social and personality aspects of adult cognitive development. Organizes comments around the concepts of selection and generalization. Suggests that concern with nature and effects of selection can help researchers in aging more efficiently and effectively design studies, analyze…

The strength of the tendency of children (aged 4 1/2 to 7 1/2 years) to give phenomenist reading of neutral questions about object properties was investigated. Phenomenist answers decreased with age, and social dominance and conversational context affected answers. (SKC)

Two experiments investigated children's tendencies to draw what they know rather than what they see. The first experiment looked at the way children, aged five to nine, and adults represent an object occluded by another object. Most subjects drew only what they could see. The second experiment investigated subjects' interpretation of pictures…

Responds to Biggs' article on the case presentation approach in clinical supervision, commending the author for drawing together two areas of psychology: case presentation in counselor supervision and cognitive development. Discusses three major contributions of, and three concerns with, Biggs' model. (NB)