First grade students practiced reading ten unfamiliar function words; half studied the words embedded in printed sentences and half studied the words in unstructured lists and then listened to sentences comprised of the words. Posttest measures revealed that those who studied the sentences learned more about the syntactic/semantic identities of…

A questionnaire was completed by 110 individuals between the ages of 18 and 65 in a study conducted to determine the primary reason why adults read. The results showed that informational reading was the main purpose for adult reading, but did not indicate a relationship between purpose for reading and socioeconomic status and educational level.…

Several research studies were reviewed to formulate a definition of metacomprehension in elementary school children. Although much additional research is needed, the one conclusion evident from the review is that metacomprehension is not a unitary phenomenon. It encompasses several kinds of abilities and degrees of awareness that may appear at…

This paper argues that assessments of the correlation between emotional problems and reading have been, for the most part, products of particular historical periods and have been influenced by particular psychological theories--theories that also influenced education and counseling. The paper first traces the history of research investigations…

This monograph, the sixth in a series on the development of the reading process, is concerned with the development of reading comprehension. In the first chapter, "Comprehension in Listening and Reading: Same or Different," Joseph H. Danks analyzes the evidence for the proposition that tbe comprehension processes for language in print and language…

The effects of test anxiety on reading comprehension were studied in two experiments. In the first experiment, 75 college students completed a test anxiety scale and the McGraw-Hill Basic Skills System reading comprehension subtest. The low anxious students in this experiment showed higher reading comprehension than the high anxious students. In…

Eye movement monitoring is useful both in the control of experiments on reading and as a source of data. Experiments using eye monitoring techniques have helped develop the following conclusions about the reading process: the region of text read during a fixation is quite small and asymmetric to the right of the center of vision, successive…

THIS EXPLORATORY STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO ANALYZE DATA TO DETERMINE IF THE ASSOCIATION REPORTED BY OTHER INVESTIGATORS LINKING LOW SELF-CONCEPTS TO READING DIFFICULTIES WAS CORRECT OR WAS CAUSED BY UNFORTUNATE EXPERIENCES IN READING UNDERMINING SELF-CONCEPTS. A SAMPLE OF 185 KINDERGARTEN ENTRANTS WAS INTERVIEWED AND OBSERVED FOR RATINGS IN RELATION…

TO SUPPORT THE VIEW THAT THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS OF CONTROLLING LEARNING BEHAVIORS, TWO APPROACHES TO STUDYING THE EFFECT OF QUESTIONS ON ADULT READING BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO PROGRAMED MATERIALS ARE REVIEWED, AND AN ALTERNATIVE S-R MODEL IS OFFERED. THE "CYBERNETIC" VIEW PROCEEDS FROM THE ASSUMPTION THAT SENSORY FEEDBACK RATHER THAN…

PROGRAMMATIC RESEARCH IS DISCUSSED AS ONE OF THE BASIC NEEDS OF READING RESEARCH. OTHER NEEDS ARE--(1) FOR BASIC RESEARCH THAT FOCUSES ON THE READING PROCESS, (2) FOR LEADERSHIP THAT VALUES SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVITY AND INTELLECTUAL HONESTY, AND (3) TO INFORM AND CONVINCE THE PUBLIC OF THE POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTIONS OF READING RESEARCH. PROGRAMMATIC…

A STUDY DESCRIBED AS THE FIRST APPLICATION OF CROSS-VALIDATED UNIQUENESS ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES WAS DESIGNED TO ELIMINATE THE EFFECTS OF IMPERFECTIONS IN A PRIOR FACTOR-ANALYTIC STUDY OF READING COMPREHENSION WHICH USED TESTS ESPECIALLY CONSTRUCTED TO MEASURE MENTAL SKILLS IN READING. A UNIQUENESS ANALYSIS BASED ON LARGE SAMPLES WAS USED TO OBTAIN…

THE RESULTS FROM AN EXPERIMENT TESTING A SERIES OF SIX HYPOTHESES DEDUCED FROM THE DELACATO INTERPRETATION OF NEUROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION ARE PRESENTED. SUBJECTS IN THE 3-MONTH STUDY WERE SECOND GRADERS FROM THE CHICAGO ARCHDIOCESAN SCHOOL SYSTEM WHO REPRESENTED SIMILAR BACKGROUNDS AND SOCIOECONOMIC LEVELS. COMPARISONS WERE MADE OF THE READING AND…

DATA RELEVANT TO THE FOLLOWING THREE QUESTIONS WERE DRAWN FROM 27 INDIVIDUAL STUDIES COMPRISING THE COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM IN FIRST-GRADE READING INSTRUCTION--(1) TO WHAT EXTENT ARE VARIOUS PUPIL, TEACHER, CLASS, SCHOOL, AND COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO ACHIEVEMENT IN FIRST-GRADE READING AND SPELLING, (2) WHICH APPROACH TO INITIAL…

FINDINGS FROM A STUDY OF RESEARCH ORIENTATION AMONG READING EXPERTS ARE REPORTED. WHILE INVOLVEMENT IN RESEARCH IS USUALLY DISCOURAGED BY HEAVY TEACHING LOADS, MEAGER RESEARCH FACILITIES, LACK OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT, AND NONRESEARCH ORIENTED BACKGROUND, MANY EXPERTS HAD NOT ENGAGED IN RESEARCH EVEN UNDER FAVORABLE CONDITIONS. HENCE, RESEARCH…

KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN WERE USED AS SUBJECTS IN AN ATTEMPT TO DISCOVER WHETHER CHILDREN WITH SHORT AND LONG MEMORY SPANS USE DIFFERENT CUES TO RECOGNIZE WORDS AND WHETHER MEMORY SPAN TESTS ARE EFFECTIVE PREDICTORS OF DIFFICULTY IN LEARNING TO READ. IT WAS HOPED THAT CHILDREN WOULD EXHIBIT A CONSISTENT PATTERN OF CHOICES OVER TRIALS, WHICH MIGHT…