Compares the effects of basal and whole language approaches on the reading achievement of first grade students. Finds no statistically significant differences in reading achievement between classes taught with a basal approach or with a whole language approach. (RS)

Examines basic literature on the various methods of establishing reading groups. Proposes a new method using curriculum-based measurement. Suggests that this method can be potentially effective and efficient in establishing reading groups. (MG)

Recommends four resources (including basal materials) to use when designing reading-language arts curricula for classroom or school districts. (MG)

Evaluates the syntactical features (readability) and demands placed on students' memory (number of steps) by basal reader worksheet directions in the three most common basal reading series. Concludes that, with the exception of one series' demand on memory, worksheet directions are not designed according to students' competency level. (RS)

Suggests ways to adapt basal reading instruction to content area reading instruction. Includes adaptations of three common basal procedures: (1) setting the purpose; (2) developing a vocabulary; and (3) discussing the selection. (JAD)

Describes how basals help translate research into practice (responding to changes in theory), and provide on-the-job training for teachers. Notes that although continued revisions of basal series are necessary, they are useful for teachers who do not have time, energy, or expertise to develop reading materials and activities. (MM)

Argues that readability formulas accurately predict how easily a passage will be understood by considering sentence length and word difficulty. Claims that the misuse of readability formulas as writing guides is responsible for much of the criticism. Challenges the critics to come up with something better. (RS)

This study assessed the effects of curriculum on technical features (criterion validity and developmental growth rates) within curriculum-based measurement in reading with 91 elementary level handicapped and nonhandicapped students. Correlations between oral reading samples and reading comprehension as well as developmental growth rates were…

Provides a brief synopsis of whole-language characteristics that could be germane to analyses of basal programs. Presents an assessment tool designed to assist teachers, administrators, and curriculum adoption teams in evaluating the degree to which commercial basal reader programs adhere to whole-language characteristics. (RS)

Presents an alternative approach for using basal readers in the reading program, based on flexible grouping and large group instruction with small group follow-up. (SR)

Compares whole language, literature-based, and basal reader literacy instruction in terms of the Elementary Reading Attitude Survey, the Reader Self-Perception Scale, and the Writer Self-Perception Scale. Finds that a literature-based approach to reading and writing appeared to exert superior impact on intermediate-aged children's affective…

Applies the Canonical Story Grammar Model to a major beginning reader computer series. Analyzes the teaching manual and interviews the series' representative. Finds that the stories did not contain adequate story grammar. Notes weaknesses in the manual analysis and interviews. (RS)

Examines the historical, political, and research roots which have shifted reading instruction from being basal dominated to more literature driven. Argues the future of children's literature in reading instruction depends on exploiting the potential of online and electronic texts, fine-tuning genres of literature, and constructing theories of why…

Second-grade students were divided into groups subjected to three programs namely, Direct Instruction, Open Court and literature based program, in order to determine the effectiveness of the three programs. The results indicated that the Open Court and Direct Instruction programs did not improve the children's reading.

A study investigated the relationship between type of reading instruction (whole language or basal), and (1) time spent engaged in authentic reading activities and (2) reading attitudes as measured by the Elementary Reading Attitude Survey (ERAS). Subjects, 23 students from a blended first/second grade whole language classroom in a suburban…