Enumerates results of a study which asked graduate students and doctoral candidates to read in diverse content areas and to select main idea statements for text. Concludes that readers often made initial hypotheses about the main idea and used the main idea construction processes of listing, draft and revise, and topic/comment after the text had…

Analyzes the comments and behavior of one student during an interpretive reading discussion to show that this student proceeds in a cycle of learning. Reviews research in problem solving and reading comprehension to show that, for this student, reading comprehension is problem solving. (FL)

Cloze-like exercises are effective and integrative tasks that allow students to operate meaningfully on authentic foreign language materials. Examples are presented of several exercises, including: predicting content from fragments, focusing on syntactic (rather than lexical or semantic) issues, and restoring deleted markers of function and…

Examines some of the intentions that guided research into story structure, considers some of the validity problems inherent in the research, and outlines some flaws in instructional practices resulting from misinterpretations of it. Concludes with some suggestions for using story structures as a teaching tool. (FL)

A modified replication of a study by R. C. Anderson and J. W. Pichert indicates that, even though the retrieval framework can operate selectively in making certain information more accessible for output, it is ultimately constrained by the accessibility of information as determined by the encoding framework. (JD)

Investigates the development of awareness of conversational principles in preschool, first-, and third-grade children by presenting them with short stories ending with a verbal statement by a story character. Results suggest that children's understanding of conversational principles improves considerably between preschool and first grade.…

Examines modality differences in preschoolers' ability to recognize or recall temporally related events and extends Ward and Wackman's model by evaluating whether the assumed "visual viewing style" applies to preschoolers' processing of temporal relations. Results demonstrated that temporally related events were remembered more…

Discusses: (1) advantages of a computer lab; (2) types of computer programs that can help students develop computational, application, comprehension, and analytical skills; (3) how computers can help students with such affective goals as appreciation and motivation toward mathematics; and (4) content areas where computers can be useful. (JN)

Investigates whether first- and fourth-grade children vary their production of redundant messages (saying more than the minimal necessary to be informative) as a function of sharing common experience with a listener. (HOD)

Examined the effect of manipulating source competence, task level, and social cues on worker attitudes. Results suggest that source competence can be affect the social information processing approach (SIPA) and the formation of worker attitudes. (SRT)

To determine which of four modes of reading (oral reading to an audience, oral reading to oneself, silent reading, silent reading while listening) best facilitated reading comprehension, 48 subjects read a passage in each of the modes and answered post comprehension questions. Results supported equivalent comprehension following silent and oral…

Examines data from the 1979-80 National Assessment of Reading that reveals that television as external stimulation is beneficial to some groups of students yet detrimental to others. (HOD)

Describes a study of wait-time (the pause for thinking after questions and answers) for first-year high-school Spanish and French students in both their native and target languages. The average duration of wait-time was 1.91 seconds after questions and .73 seconds after responses. Wait-time was longer after questions in the native language. (SED)

Concludes that elementary school students had difficulty understanding main ideas of social studies passages and were significantly less skilled at this task than at completing main idea workshops. Suggests that the worksheet approach to social studies is insufficient and that direct instruction using textbooks is needed. (FL)

Examines several areas to be considered in developing physics syllabi. They include (1) the objectives of physics teaching and learning; (2) physics as an experience, based on realistic expectations of what 14- to 16-year-olds are capable of; and (3) the kinds of experiences in which students can succeed (including computer experiences). (JN)