The authors examined cultural differences in parents' responses to their children's performance. In Study 1 (N=421), Chinese 5th graders reported that their parents de-emphasized their academic success and emphasized their academic failure, whereas their American counterparts reported that their parents did the opposite. This partially accounted…

This study examined gender differences in the interactions early adolescent students report having with significant others following academic failure and the consequences of these interactions for student worry. The 5th- through 8th-grade students (N = 297) reported on their general strategies for coping with academic failure, the nature of their…

This study of grade-level advancement/retention policies and procedures in 10 school districts shows how retention policy and procedure are disconnected from retention research. Administrators and teachers experience ethical dilemmas when district policy and prescribed practice collide with realities that underlie student failure. However, acts of…

This study examines the role of self beliefs in the self-regulatory engagement of 1,304 middle school students in Singapore. Developing academic self-regulatory skills is particularly critical for these students when the syllabi are more cognitively demanding and regulation of one's behaviour towards effective learning is increasingly called upon…

The research and theoretical rationale for differences between (urban) black and white students, particularly in achievement in language development, are discussed along with implications for the classroom. Theories about language acquisition and capacity that have developed to account for the poor school performance of urban black students…

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PREVENTION OF FAILURE IN SCHOOL IS THE MAIN THEME OF THIS PAMPHLET. THE DIFFERENT FORCES WHICH INFLUENCE THE SELF-IMAGES OF CHILDREN, THEIR SCHOOL PERFORMANCE, ACCEPTANCE OR REJECTION BY OTHER CHILDREN, AND, MOST IMPORTANT, ACCEPTANCE OR REJECTION BY THE TEACHER HERSELF, ARE DISCUSSED IN A GROUP OF PAPERS UNDER ELEVEN…

Students exhibiting failure syndrome approach assignments with low expectations of success and tend to give up at early signs of difficulty. This Digest delineates the nature of failure syndrome, suggests strategies for coping with failure syndrome students, and discusses how teachers can help. Some students, especially in the early grades, show…

Student retention has been a divisive educational question since the turn of the century. And although early educators found that retention was not particularly effective, they continued using it because their options were limited. Today, educators have many options to retention. Using the database from Project STAR, a study explored the common…

This document consists of a number of figures and diagrams suitable for overhead transparencies that illustrate and elaborate on the prnciples of failure-oriented training (a model for improving the effectiveness of instructional analysis). By adding a few simple steps to analysis, the resulting training will be closer to the idealized tutor:…

Investigated the influence of success and failure experiences and expectancies on selective memory for positive versus negative personality information about oneself. Subjects correctly remembered their personality liabilities relatively less than their assets when they expected to succeed than when they expected to fail. The effects of expectancy…

This publication provides results of a longitudinal study of young firms and their owners. Data represent the responses of a national sample of new business owners (N=2,994) who were members of the National Federation of Independent Business in May 1985 and had been in business for no more than 17 months with the average respondent owning the…

A reasonably accurate knowledge of the location of certain learning functions has been achieved through the steady accumulation of data concerning hemispheric specialization. One learning disabilities teacher (van den Honert, 1977) applied hemisphere specialization techniques to eliminate processing conflicts between the hemispheres by sending…

The Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970 makes it possible for competing newspapers to combine advertising, production, circulation and management functions into a single newspaper corporation. For the attorney general and the courts to authorize a joint operating agreement (JOA) for a "failing newspaper," certain conditions must be met…

Recent research in achievement has focused on sex differences found in locus of standards, conceptual focus, and expectations for success. To examine the nature of sex differences and their relationship to achievement domains, 439 college students (197 females, 242 males) were asked to write an account of an achievement or failure. They then…

Addressing a serious, long-term educational problem in Brazil, this study aimed at identifying teachers' opinions about students' failure at school and the factors related to such failure in order to understand what such opinions mean in terms of teachers' perceptions of their role. Subjects were 451 public school elementary school teachers from…