A longitudinal study of 2,378 Australian teenagers from their ninth year in school in 1980 until 1983 provided data on the significance of part-time employment in young people's transition from school to the world of work. Those studied were attending 26 different secondary schools in Australia's Victoria State in 1980 when data were first…

This report uses motivation theory, social and cognitive development theory, and a construct, Definition of Reality (DOR), to explain why the black students of the District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS) do less well on the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills as they progress from elementary school into high school. The report is divided into 8…

Involving 307 primarily Hispanic children with varying levels of English and Spanish language proficiency and 9 teacher-aide teams from grades 2-4 bilingual classrooms in schools located in 5 districts in the San Jose (California) area, the study examined whether classroom social status affected the frequency of study interaction and whether…

A presentation of the task of the 1981 White House Conference on Aging, i.e., to address the problems of older Americans and to consider ways to use older Americans as national resources, is followed by a discussion of the legislative background of the Conference and Conference funding. Six topics chosen by the Advisory Committee for discussion…

A relationship exists between high birth rates and the lowered status of women in developing nations, resulting from their country's economic development. Research was based on data from various sources on 34 developed nations and 92 developing nations throughout the world. Variables included income inequality, foreign trade structure and…

The Admissions Testing Program (ATP) is a service of the College Board. The 1979 ATP summary reports on college-bound seniors were produced for each region of the United States, including New England, the Middle, Southern, Midwestern, Southwestern, Rocky Mountain, and Western States. The national and each regional report are in separate booklets.…

The dependency model of mass media effects predicts that dependency on media information increases as the level of societal structural conflict and change increase, resulting in greater mass media influence. However, this model appears to ignore the structural constraints that a nation's political system can have on media even before they deliver…

A study was conducted to determine whether a particular diagnostic assessment and monitoring program would have an effect on class achievement, regardless of curriculum used. The program consisted of a series of criterion-referenced tests coordinated with sequenced lessons in reading, oral language, and arithmetic, with the results charted by…

The role of the federal government in authorizing tuition savings plans and the relationship of these incentives to more traditional student aid programs are examined. Most of the recent proposals to provide incentives for families to save for their children's education would allow tax breaks. For example, the Reagan administration proposal would…

This article presents a meta-analysis of the effects of examiner familiarity/unfamiliarity on children's performance during individual testing. Data came from 22 controlled studies involving 1489 subjects. In a typical study, the effect of examiner familiarity raised test performance by .35 standard deviations. Differential performance favoring…

Described are the results of two separate surveys of cross-sections of the Philadelphia public concerning their cultural behavior, attitudes, and perceptions. The more recent survey was conducted in 1984 with a random telephone sample of 404 Philadelphia residents. The other survey consisted of a subset of approximately 400 Philadelphia area…

The Primary Mental Health Project is described as an innovative school mental health program that uses nonprofessional child-aides as direct help-agents with young maladapting school children. (GW)

The main trends in U.S. race relations are assessed from the time of the appearance of Gunnar Myrdal's book "An American Dilemna" in the 1940's and Dorothy Newman's examination of the same theme through 1975. Both authors' perceptions of the racial situation and the problems of inequality are briefly reviewed. Rising educational…

This booklet contains government compiled statistics on various aspects of maternal employment. Figures are presented for numbers of working mothers broken down by marital status and ages of children and for numbers of minority working mothers broken down by marital status and ages of children. Statistical trends in labor force participation are…

Prestige hierarchies operate in all known organizations; universities are no exception. Davis and Moore (1945) have called such stratification in any social system a universal necessity. The present study focused on positions in a university setting. Using procedures developed to measure prestige of occupations in national surveys, the attribution…