This document contains a glossary which defines 275 basic terms frequently used by gerontologists. The glossary is designed for use by a general population, including older persons and their families, students in the field of aging, librarians, medical reporters, health care providers, and others interested in older persons. It was developed to…

A more flexible definition of literacy combines oral literacy, which focuses on the concrete, with written literacy, which is abstract. For W. Ong, F. DeAngelo, A. R. Luria, and others who have done research on oral and written cultures, their central concern is one of defining and describing the kind and form of consciousness that is represented…

Part of a study of the link between learning disabilities (LD) and juvenile delinquency (JD), the paper reviews definitions and treatment principles. An introduction reviews definitions of the federal government (in regulations for P.L. 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act), of the Association for Children and Adults with…

Contemporary authors' definitions of supervision suggest that in the American public school supervision evolved from four major conceptual foundations: (1) human concern, (2) leadership, (3) instructional improvement, and (4) administration. The categorization of definitions and explanations from 21 leading supervision authorities of the past 50…

Instructional supervision terminology continues to grow at an accelerating rate. This glossary is designed to help beleaguered instructional leaders identify research-based terms that facilitate a common language between teacher and supervisor and thereby enhance communication. The 100 terms are but a beginning collection of the most current…

A study examined the attitudes of high school students toward various leisure activities. The study population consisted of 85 students attending a large, desegregated midwestern high school. Study participants were asked to rate each of 18 activities with respect to the following four sets of adjectives on a four-point scale: good/bad,…

As defined in chapter I of this guide for policymakers, strategic planning is the method by which an organization identifies relevant trends in its environment, analyzes their potential implications, and projects an integrated strategy to address these future events and their contingencies. This process differs from formalized planning, based on…

This paper describes meetings of the American Indian Study Committee of the Wisconsin Legislative Council and background related to 1987 Assembly Bill 316 on the definition of "American Indian." This definition is relevant to qualification for minority group business preferences in state purchasing and state construction projects, the…

In the United States, the illiterate or functionally illiterate population has been estimated at somewhere between 7 and 73 million people. This range is primarily due to variables such as definitions of literacy, methods of survey research, and the researcher's unique perspective. Literacy is traditionally defined using some criteria relating to…

Historically pesonality has been predicated on behavioral consistency. To demonstrate the uniqueness of personality using three methods, 23 female college students initially recorded self-descriptive words at the end of each of 23 days. These words were then assigned favorability values from the Adjective Generation Technique norm list. First,…

One of the features of Australian society during the past 25 years, from the late 1950s to the early 1980s, has been the changing nature of the family. Significant changes have occurred in family formation and breakdown; in family composition and structures; in family relationships; and in the status, rights, and obligations of family members.…

The state plan outlines standards and procedures for providing educational and other services to developmentally disabled persons in New Jersey. The first section defines developmental disabilities (DD) and considers how many people have DD, how DD affect individuals, and the purposes of the Developmental Disabilities Basic State Grant Program.…

The doctrine of "fighting words" was first articulated by the United States Supreme Court in 1942 in the case of Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire when it declared one classificaton of language as outside the bounds of constitutional guarantees. Since then the Court has continually redrawn the line defining which speech is constitutionally…

The yearly increase in the number of learning disabled (LD) students is considered, and it is suggested that the increase is one symptom of school systems' unwillingness to deal with the problems or underachievement. A need exists for special educators to differentiate between LD and underachieving students. Three alternatives to the problem are…

As with other illnesses, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a socially constructed phenomenon, not simply a biological entity. Biologically, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection causes immunosuppression, which in turn causes a spectrum of disease states. The official definition of AIDS by the Centers for Disease Control requires…