Describes the contributions of women in chemistry from the time of the ancient Mesopotamian civilization to the time of Maria Curie. (GS)

The isolation of oxygen by Joseph Priestley is placed in the broader context of the study of nitrogen, oxygen, and the nitrogen oxides. (GS)

At first almost ignored and unread, Sadi Carnot's analysis of heat engines--published 150 years ago--contained ideas and methods that were developed later by Clausius and Thomson. Carnot's ideas and their influence on later science are discussed. (Author/RH)

A historical analysis is given of the development in 1900 of the Lorentz transformation of coordinates and time, and of electric and magnetic field components. The earlier work of Voight is discussed. (RH)

Discussed are the discovery of saccharin and dulcin and some examples of what has been learned from the research related to the development of these sweeteners. (RH)

Presented is an historical review of the development of a philosophy viewing man as a mechanical organism. The results of this view are explored to create an historical perspective from which to study today's enthusiasm for the physical analysis of biomedical phenomena. (JP)

Reports the views on the likely trends in physics research expressed by three leading physicists at the dedication of a physics building for New York University. (AL)

Traces the development of Lorentz's theory of electrons as applied to the problem of the electrodynamics of moving bodies. Presents evidence that the principle of relativity did not play an important role in Lorentz's theory, and that though Lorentz eventually acknowledged Einstein's work, he was unwilling to completely embrace the Einstein…

Describes the author's visit to the Italian cities where Galileo lived. Discusses the legendary swinging Cathedral lamp and the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Describes the science apparatus used by Galileo and other men of science which appear in the Museum of the History of Science in Florence. Presents six pictures of items viewed within the museum.…

Describes the role of mathematics in science in terms of its role in deduction and organization, and as a research tool. (AL)

Relates the background and chain of events associated with the discovery of oxygen and Lavoisier's theory of combustion. (DS)