For 152 children, intelligence scores were assessed at 4 and 13 years of age, and the number of factors out of 10 social and family risk factors was counted. The presence of multiple risk factors in children's lives explained up to half the variance of children's IQ scores at 4 and 13 years. (MDM)

Unpopular students in grades 5-11 were compared with average and popular students among 319 high ability students. Unpopular students were distinguished by lower social self-concept, lower academic self-esteem, and less prestigious paternal occupations. Unpopular students were not found to be academically less capable, less mature, or more…

This study examined relationships between parenting, severity of disability, and 5 aspects of family ecology for 83 preschool and 69 elementary school children with disabilities. Family ecology variables included socioeconomic status, coping styles, social support, stressful life events, and marital quality. Results showed positive correlations…

The relationship of socioeconomic status (SES) to the etiology of physical child abuse and the consequences of abuse for child development was studied. There was an interaction of SES with abuse status. This suggests different relationships between SES and child rearing in abusive and nonabusive families. (BC)

Presents a theory of the origins of a lack of cohesiveness in African-American culture based on a lack of a "social" reference resulting from the historical division of house slaves from field slaves and other efforts to keep those who shared language and culture from having contact. (JB)

Explores the situations of the following immigrant groups in Canada: (1) Caribbean Blacks; (2) East Indians; and (3) Filipinos. The combined contributions of these groups to Canada's work force and Canada's economic, sociological, educational, multicultural, and spiritual development are incalculable, yet these minorities face discrimination and…

Examines career and family role expectations and attitudes of female university students and both of their parents. Data from 292 families reveal rather traditional attitudes toward mothering, egalitarian attitudes toward marital roles, and little frustration about future career and family roles. Age, sex, and socioeconomic differences are…

Physical and medical correlates of mathematical giftedness were studied in gifted (497 males and 508 females) and environmentally privileged (high socioeconomic status) (647 males and 485 females) tenth graders. Medical and physical well-being appears more highly associated with mathematical giftedness than with socioeconomic privileges. (SLD)

This study examined the perceived ethnolinguistic vitality of Anglo-Australian and Vietnamese-Australian ethnic groups in Brisbane as measured by the modified Subjective Vitality Questionnaire (SVQ). Results of the confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the applicability of the SVQ to both high and low vitality groups. (30 references)…

Analyzes religious, environmental, and imperialistic rationalizations for racism throughout history. Examines how racist doctrines, stereotypes, and racial prejudice were instilled in the British education system through school textbooks and children's literature. Suggests this process of socialization created implicit, deeply rooted prejudices…

A survey of health care issues among Hispanic Americans (469 adults and 235 children) in Arizona revealed that the poor health status and access to health care found for Hispanic Americans was even more pronounced for those whose language of interview was Spanish. (SLD)

Five articles comment on Chubb and Terry M. Moe's book "Politics, Markets, and America's Schools": (1) Choice in Education: Examining the Evidence on Equity; (2) Politics, Markets, and America's Schools: A Review; (3) Political Pollyannas; (4) Degrees of Imperfection: A Note from a Political Pollyanna; and (5) Thoughts on Choice. (SM)

Comparison of 529 Ohio rural twelfth graders (69 percent response) and 266 from Georgia (83 percent response) revealed differences in gender; ethnicity; parental socioeconomic status, educational level, and expectations; occupational choice; income expectation; and plans for postsecondary education. Georgia students had higher income and…

Examines the effect of the Appalachian environment and culture on adult learners. Identifies instructional strategies to enhance adult learning. Describes Hocking College's "Women in Transition" course for mature female students, which focuses on improving interpersonal, time management, goal-setting, and life-planning skills through…

Adolescents have no prepared, appreciated, approved place in society, so they tackle identity formation and development of self-worth and self-efficacy on their own. Society must change its view that youth are troubled or harmful and instead provide opportunities for meaningful roles for adolescents, particularly those without many years of formal…