Discusses one approach to teaching French grammar in a university second year communicative-oriented course. (EKN)

Discusses the relationship between the person learning a foreign language, the methodology employed, and the environment using the paradigms of T. Parsons. Notes that the functional method has adapted some of these functions and suggests ways to incorporate the others. (AMH)

Questions the relevance of the traditional structural/grammatical approach to Russian course design. Suggests instead a functional notional approach and provides an overview of its rationale and principles. (EKN)

Discusses using structure drills in the foreign language classroom including use of same grammatical structure with slight variation, notional/functional drills, and situational dialogs. Suggests necessity of looking more closely at techniques in order to better understand teaching operation. (Author/BK)

Reports on political and economic factors influencing foreign language teaching in the USA. The 1979 TESOL Congress noted increasing interest in English as a foreign or second language, which occasionally runs counter to long-term bilingual teaching programs. Stressed were: the notional-functional method, confluent education, and the…

This paper proposes a matrix of notional categories for classifying grammatical structures. The use of the matrix is illustrated through question forms. Communicative competence in a language presupposes mastery of the grammatical system of that language. Therefore, in adopting a communicatively appropriate syllabus, containing varieties of…

This article addresses program design for foreign-language teaching. It examines the complexities of specifying the outcomes and selecting and sequencing the content, outlines the principal program types in existence today, and offers a general proposal for future programs. (MT)

The evolution of the idea of "civilization" applied to language teaching is viewed as tied to different conceptions of language underlying the last 50 years' instruction. Three questions are addressed: What are the traits of each? How do language and civilization respond to these notions? Where does this concept stand today? (MSE)

Presents case in favor of using a structural-functional syllabus for teaching English as a second language at all levels in the Chinese-medium school and up to the intermediary level in the English-medium school, and for use of a functional-structural syllabus at upper secondary levels in the English-medium school in Hong Kong. (Author/BK)

Both the theoretical basis of functional-notionalism and its practical classroom applications are discussed in this text. The major characteristic of the functional-notional approach to language teaching is a sensitivity to the individual needs of students. Based on the idea that the ability to use real, appropriate language to communicate with…

The notional-functional or communicative approach to foreign language teaching as practiced in East Germany is described. The purpose of communicative foreign language teaching is to prepare the learner to communicate in real-life situations. Classroom and real-life situations differ in several respects, most notably in communicative intention.…

Discusses methodological implications of a proficiency orientation focused on speaking, placing proficiency in the context of grammar, communicative competence, and functions/notions. Discusses repercussions in foreign language teaching of the varying emphases on these contexts. Asserts that a proficiency orientation allows tailoring of teaching…

Defines two metaphors taken from curriculum theories in general: the mind-body metaphor and the production metaphor. Relates each to several approaches of learning a foreign language. Concludes with some observations concerning the functioning of metaphor as it relates to contemporary foreign language teaching approaches. (EKN)

Discusses a compromise between functionally based material and traditional grammatical approaches by suggesting the adoption of a more communicative approach to structurally based material. Using the present continuous tense as an example, the unnaturalness of traditional classroom dialog is shown; sample remedies are given. (PJM)

Exemplifies and presents the rationale for notional writing materials. The basic assumption of these materials is that effective writing demands a clear sense of why something is being written and for whom it is being written. The materials provide a great variety of writing voices and related particular function to particular grammatical points.…