One of 52 theoretical papers on school crime and its relation to poverty, this chapter states that social scientists and others have argued that schools contribute to delinquency by their failure to prepare students properly for later life. It follows that the solution is better schools and better education. The author argues that schools make…

Focusing on occupations in the clothing and baking industries, this document is one in a series of forty-one reprints from the Occupational Outlook Handbook providing current information and employment projections for individual occupations and industries through 1985. The specific occupations covered in this document include occupations in the…

The end of the bracero program after 1965 brought about a major change in the growing, harvesting, and processing of California tomatoes which dramatically influenced the structure of the harvesting labor force. In order to determine the social consequences of the transition from man to mechanized harvesting procedures, the following areas of…

The report describes the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS), an instrument designed to measure the following classes of variables: (1) objective job characteristics, particularly the degree to which jobs are designed so that they enhance work motivation and job satisfaction; (2) personnel affective reactions of individuals to their jobs and work setting;…

What are the characteristics of successful students in research training programs and what are the characteristics of successful programs of this type? What are the characteristics of successful mature researchers and what research environments facilitate research of high quality and quantity? Since very little research deals directly with these…

The primary objective of this project was to develop effective programs for retaining the disadvantaged in employment after training and placement. The field work was done in Denver which has a population consisting of three major ethnic groups: white, Mexican-American, and Negro. The report consists of nine technical papers which are concerned…

Modern educational programs stress individualized learning. Such programs place less emphasis on prescribed texts and more emphasis on learning from a variety of resources suited to the interests and learning abilities of the individual. Thus, these programs require an abundance of readily available learning materials. The school media center,…

Questionnaire responses were used to study 99 first-year teachers and their reasons for accepting present positions. Teachers in rural, suburban, and urban districts differed significantly on reasons for accepting their positions but agreed on financial rewards and degree of support as reasons for considering teaching positions in other districts.…

A model of sources and consequences of educator burnout was tested. Sources were found to include a combination of individual's unmet expections, job conditions, role conflict, lack of freedom, and absence of social support systems. The consequences included intention to leave teaching, absenteeism, lessened effort, and lower quality of personal…

A discussion of the college presidency's future looks at such factors as the internal and external institutional environment, university-industry relationships, quality and standards, liberal arts and general education, and special leadership needs. (MSE)

The future of the academic profession in Sweden will depend on the public commitment to developing equality, job security, and flexibility in a traditionally stratified profession at a time of relative financial inflexibility. A number of directions are now possible, determined by the relationship formed between policy and economy. (MSE)

Discusses evolution of ergonomics and development of computer ergonomics with its sub-fields of hardware ergonomics (user-equipment-related problems including workstation design); software ergonomics (problems in communication with computers); and peopleware ergonomics (psychological impact). Ergonomic features of VDTs, keyboards, and printers are…

Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972, this article identifies similarities and differences in social background characteristics, academic ability, and work values among men and women in sex-typical and sex-atypical curricula. Results show that men and women in sex-atypical majors are more like their sex…

Discusses (1) working conditions and responsibilities of California social studies teachers, i.e., where they work, general working environments, what they teach, and the student population they serve; (2) age, experience, education, and male/female ratios; and (3) professional opportunities. Offers suggestions for strengthening psychic rewards…

This paper presents results of a study that examined the current climate for female community college faculty. Two decades ago, Hall and Sandler coined the phrase "chilly climate" symbolically to embody a pervasive and negative climate reported by girls and women in their educational surroundings. Research literature continues to report on the…