US and China are reforming mathematics teaching by shifting from students' attainment of facts and procedures toward development of competencies in reasoning, communication, connections, and problem solving, and application of these in real life contexts. Differences in students' overall performance, curricula, and teachers' knowledge and…

Background: This meta-analysis was designed to determine the relationship between reduction of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and improvement in functioning by examining short-term changes in functional and symptomatic scores in children and adolescents with ADHD. Methods: Search of atomoxetine's clinical trial database…

The use of educational technology in K-12 classrooms has been gaining tremendous momentum across the country since the 1990s. Many school districts have been investing heavily in various types of technology, such as computers, mobile devices, internet access, and interactive whiteboards. Almost all public schools have access to the internet and…

In recent years, there has been a surge in the quantity of media content that glorifies risk-taking behavior, such as risky driving, extreme sports, or binge drinking. The authors conducted a meta-analysis involving more than 80,000 participants and 105 independent effect sizes to examine whether exposure to such media depictions increased their…

Although some literacy researchers consider grouping students for reading instruction to be a proven educational practice, the support for this belief is lacking from a research synthesis perspective. With this idea in mind, Slavin comments in the middle of his review on the effects of grouping: "there is not enough research on within-class…

An initial research step, developing an effective interview strategy, presents unique challenges for novice and master research alike. To focus qualitative research in the human ecology of the study, the strategy presented in this paper used an initial interview protocol and preanalysis process, called meta-analysis, prior to developing the formal…

Reliability generalization (RG) is a measurement meta-analytic method used to explore the variability in score reliability estimates and to characterize possible sources of the variance. Summarizes some RG considerations, and suggests how confidence intervals might be portrayed graphically. (SLD)

Used reliability generalization to study five versions of the Working Alliance Inventory (A. Horvath, 1981; WAI), analyzing 67 internal consistency estimates, 6 interrater reliability estimates, and 4 study characteristics. In general WAI scale scores appear to be robust. (SLD)

Focusing on psychotherapy research, illustrates methods for studying mediator and moderator variables in meta-analysis, discusses their advantages and disadvantages, and shows how inclusion of these variables can change interpretation of meta-analytic results. Notes that therapeutic orientation may make significant difference to outcome but only…

Discusses two estimators of the variance of random effects models often used in meta-analysis. Provides mathematical proof that the second, less intuitively appealing, estimator is more efficient when the variance of the random effects model is small. (SLD)

The relationship between brain volume and intelligence has been a topic of a scientific debate since at least the 1830s. To address the debate, a meta-analysis of the relationship between in vivo brain volume and intelligence was conducted. Based on 37 samples across 1530 people, the population correlation was estimated at 0.33. The correlation is…

"Data Trends" reports present summaries of research on mental health services for children and adolescents and their families. The article summarized in this "Data Trends" sought to investigate the effects of parent training programs on fathers. More specifically, it sought to examine previous studies to determine: (1) whether including fathers in…

How are family-centered helpgiving practices related to parent, family, and child behavior and functioning? This monograph is for those interested in the results of that inquiry and in understanding the extent to which causal statements about the relationships between family-centered practices and the study outcomes are warranted. The authors…

In this meta-analysis of 75 studies on more than 3,888 children in 19 different countries, the intellectual development of children living in children's homes (orphanages) was compared with that of children living with their (foster) families. Children growing up in children's homes showed lower IQ's than did children growing up in a family…

The study uses the MAYSI-2 gathered data from multiple US juvenile justice systems to examine whether mental health symptoms were connected to consistent sex and ethnicity/race-related differences. Results concluded a greater proportion of girls having serious mental health problems and though whites had problems with alcohol and drugs, they were…