The paper suggests that some of the practical implications of the no difference in treatment conclusion is quite questionable and that parents of retarded children need assistance which will be different from that required of parents of nonretarded children. (Author/SBH)

The death implosion produced a decrease in insomnia beyond the strong expectancy effects that resulted from all experimental treatments. The failure to observe changes in reported fear of death was attributed to subjects' anxiety-based reluctance to acknowledge openly such fear. (Author)

The author considers the role of teacher attention, attention span, reading, and hyperactivity in the creation and remediation of learning disabilities (LD). He suggests that LD classes which focus on deficits and errors may be maintaining or increasing these behaviors; and that hyperactivity can be be remediated through operant techniques. (CL)

Examined effectiveness of implosive therapy with heroin addicts during detoxification from methadone. Treatment groups received 12 sessions of implosive therapy or eclectic counseling and were followed for a six-week period. The implosive therapy group were the only ones to significantly reduce their methadone level during treatment and follow-up.…

Supports the Implicit Rules Model, which suggests that individuals acquire implicit rules that connect request situation schemas to behaviors. Shows how individuals, in two experiments, learned, based on feedback, which behaviors were "correct" for multiple instances, and then, on their own, chose the correct behavior for new instances.…

The present study attempted to replicate the findings of the Zahavi and Asher (1978) study with Head Start preschoolers. These authors found that brief oral instructions decreased observed aggressive behavior. This study found limited support for the effectiveness of brief oral instructions. Teacher ratings did reveal significant improvements in…

Twelve factors should be considered in justifying techniques selected for treating aberrant behavior in persons with mental retardation. The factors include motivational variables, treatment effectiveness, side effects, abuse potential, treatment restrictiveness/intrusiveness, treatment precedence, social acceptability, regulatory factors, staff…

Assessed treatment for bulimia nervosa among 77 female patients assigned to wait-list control, self-monitoring of caloric intake and purging behaviors, cognitive-behavioral treatment, and cognitive-behavioral treatment plus response prevention of vomiting. All treatment groups showed significant improvement; control group did not.…

Compared panic control treatment (PCT), behavior therapy for panic disorders, with alprazolam medication, placebo, and waiting-list control groups. Percentage of clients (N=57) completing study who were free of panic attacks following PCT was 87 percent, compared with 50 percent for alprazolam, 36 percent for placebo, and 33 percent for…

Results from 5-year outcome of family-based behavioral treatment of obesity for 6- to 12-year olds in 162 families across 4 treatment outcome studies suggest that treatments using conjoint targeting and reinforcement of child and parent behavior or reciprocal targeting and reinforcement of children and parents are associated with best child…

Presents a selective summarization and critique of research on the psychological treatment of headache, with the primary focus on research appearing since 1980. Examines research on relaxation training, biofeedback, cognitive, and cognitive-behavioral treatment approaches. Includes suggestions for future research directions and methodological…

Assigned 24 older adults with persistent psychophysiological insomnia to immediate or delayed cognitive-behavioral intervention in waiting-list control group design. Treatment was effective in reducing sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, and early morning awakening, and in increasing sleep efficiency. Sleep improvements obtained by…

Evaluated effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) and group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for binge eating among 56 women with nonpurging bulimia. At posttreatment, both CBT and IPT conditions showed significant improvement in reducing binge eating, compared to waiting-list condition. Binge eating remained significantly…

The development of B. F. Skinner's theories of behavior and their application in industry are reviewed. Criticisms of Skinner are refuted. (SK)

Studied sleep patterns of 50 infants with sleep disturbances by using activity monitor (actigraph) and parental reports during baseline and intervention periods. Used two behavioral intervention methods to treat multiple or prolonged night-waking problems. Infant sleep significantly improved during intervention. Discrepancy between parental and…