This chapter traces the migration from farms to cities and the later movement from cities to suburbs and discusses the impact of the resulting big city environment on the governance of big city education. The author (1) suggests how local, State, and Federal governments can improve big city education; (2) discusses ways of planning for the future…

A discussion of the nature of performance objectives is summarized in this way: "they state (1) what the student will do, (2) under what conditions, (3) to what level of mastery, and (4) using what time limit (if any)." Having established the importance of performance objectives for modern language teachers, the author suggests their specific…

Federal funds are an essential component to the fiscal vitality of higher education; however, in recent years the award of these funds has been contingent on complying with federal regulations. This monograph explores the nature of regulatory practices to determine if federal regulations have altered governance patterns or infringed on…

This document explains and clarifies the management by objectives (MBO) concept in order to give institutions in the Advanced Institutional Development Program (AIDP) help in understanding and using the concept. MBO is defined as an administrative system whereby an administrator and his subordinates identify areas of responsibility in which a…

The document presents an analysis of recent literature on the deinstitutionalization of emotionally disturbed persons. Discussed are opposing views with emphasis on the idea of reliance on community resources and the present trend toward the provision of a continuum of treatment alternatives. Brief sections cover issues related to such problems as…

One aspect of the role and responsibilities of education councils in Australia is addressed in this paper: that of the council and its accountability to the community. Three major sections are presented. Part One discusses the two difficult concepts of accountability and community. The second part presents some data on how council members appear…

This paper analyzes key elements of reform strategies for two programs--the Federal Experimental Schools (E-S) and California's Early Childhood Program (ECE). The paper begins with implications derived from five case studies of rural experimental schools projects. The references to specific cases provide empirical support for the assertions. The…

This paper describes the author's perceptions of the reasons for the tarnished image of advisors and academic advisement. Specific problems are discussed under seven headings. These are: (1) Advisor Credibility, (2) Becoming Aware of Advisee Constructs, (3) Reducing Advisee Defensiveness concerning Related constructs, (4) Advisee Challenge of…

Accountability based on reading scores will only demoralize teachers who are trying hard in disadvantaged schools. A better response to reading failure would include improved teacher training and placement, ability grouping, reduced class size, adequate specialist support, and kindergarten reading. PS 209 in Queens utilizes several of these…

The most fundamental issue in U.S. higher education is that of reconciling tradition and change, especially in the areas of patterns of college attendance, the academic profession, the corporate research relationship, advancing technology, and the drive for accountability. (MSE)

Significant changes made in the French university system in a brief period, affecting teaching, curriculum, degree programs, and institutional evaluation, are examined to determine whether they represent a break from or continuation of an earlier situation. Issues underlying current trends are also discussed. (MSE)

State legislative action to control and reward teaching quality has resulted in the coming of age of systematic teacher performance evaluation for certification, merit pay, or career ladder advancement decisions. This article overviews issues of credibility and practicality--including test design, validity, and reliability--which arise when…

Instructional information systems (IIS) are built on current practices in testing and program evaluation, but go beyond them. IIS are computerized data banks that allow users to ask a variety of evaluative questions. Factors which facilitate IIS, characteristics of future systems, and lessons from management information systems are discussed. (GDC)

Discusses management by objectives (MBO) as a sound organizational process that has great potential as an administrative tool in education systems. Provides definitions, stresses the participative nature of the process, cites successful examples of MBO in schools, and describes six conditions for the successful implementation of MBO. (JHZ)

A discussion by endorsers of the American Association of University Professors' (AAUP) 1940 statement on academic freedom and tenure is summarized, including the topics of academic accuracy watchdogs, government constraints on academic freedom, irregular faculty appointments and periodic review, special issues at church-related colleges, and the…