Before 1944, when Great Britain's local education agencies were empowered to ensure that students were adequately clothed and fed, the Boots for the Bairns Fund sponsored by the Yorkshire Evening Post provided shoes for poor children in Leeds. This article reviews the fund's history from 1921 to 1939. (PGD)

Interpretations of empirical findings on the current trend of economic deterioration among blacks lay blame on the victims instead of on racism and the economics of capitalism. This special issue presents findings of the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, with articles interpreting the data along the lines of theories developed by black…

Presents a survey of a sample of scholars' opinions on why the educational achievement of Black males is disproportionately low and how this major problem might be addressed. Reports that, in general, the interviewees support the development of separate Black educational facilities with Black role models to solve Black males' educational…

This article reviews the historical development of elementary schools, particularly with respect to the miseducation of minority students. The author notes that the social stratification that characterizes American society is institutionalized within the school. Recommendations for an effective education for all students are made. (MT)

The benefits of using Stake's contingency and congruence model for educational program evaluations are demonstrated by the results of evaluating two worksite programs for academically talented minority high school students. Recommendations from the Career Awareness evaluation were incorporated into the Biomedical Science program, resulting in a…

Argues that the poor's plight is likely to worsen as New York City's fiscal crisis is transformed into a service crisis. Asserts that the tendency to close small old schools in areas where densities are higher (which minimizes transportation costs) closes schools that are predominantly attended by poor and minority students. (KH)

Using a logit model of occupational attainment, researchers found that economically disadvantaged women who received nontraditional training were much less likely to be employed in male-dominated occupations and received lower hourly wages. Direct labor market discrimination seems to be responsible for the inhibited occupational attainment of…

Under the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA), vocational educators will have a vital role in the training and retraining programs for the unemployed and economically disadvantaged. Unlike any other training act, JTPA gives states and localities a choice in the direction of their employment and training policies. (SSH)

The new Job Training Partnership Act of 1983 represents a new era of collaboration between vocational education and the private sector in providing job training. (SSH)

This report was based on the responses of more than 1,000 school employees to a survey on the physical environment at their schools. Many of the responses revealed some startling building conditions, from students who have to wear coats and gloves in class to rats and mice entering classrooms through windows and cracks in walls. The report…

This guide is designed to assist schools with their Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program and William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) Program cohort default rate data. The guide is intended as a reference tool in understanding cohort default rates and processes. Material is organized into four parts: (1) Introduction; (2) General…

These six essays on the debate over the need for welfare reform offer a wide perspective on poverty and inequality. The "Introduction" (Jon Neill) is followed by "Welfare Report--1996 Style: Will We Sacrifice the 'Safety Net'?" (Robert Haveman), a critique of two proposals that shaped the current debate over welfare reform.…

Tens of thousands of students, especially those from low-income and minority groups, are unprepared academically for higher education, come from backgrounds in which college aspirations are not the norm, or lack the information they need to gain access. In addition, there is a growing difference in the rate at which students from different income…

Child welfare services currently operate in an environment characterized by increasing need for services, and calls for cost containment and system reform. To survive in this environment, foster care agencies will have to reexamine their use of resources to ensure that they are used to achieve the best possible outcomes for the children in their…