Attempts to define the number of children in need of special education services and the costs of special education. Discusses six types of state funding in searching for an adequate funding formula and some basic problems of special education. (RK)

The paper summarizes and presents counter arguments against positions claiming that randomized experiments in early childhood are unnecessary, impractical, or unethical. It is concluded that more frequent use of randomized experiments in early childhood special education would provide more effective program evaluation data for resource allocation…

The classical Aristotelian approach to justice and the aims of liberal education are discussed, focusing on distributive justice and access to education, education for leadership, and standards of achievement. (MSE)

The history of the debate over federal efforts to reduce indirect cost recovery in federal research grants to universities is outlined and discussed by a former university administrator involved in the policy's formation. (MSE)

Consists of four articles on the funding of adult education in Finland, with special emphasis on adult vocational education. Describes the various organizations that provide adult education in Finland and discusses their funding sources for 1987. Includes a statement on the financing of vocational adult education by the Finnish government. (CH)

Presents a study of elementary school classrooms and instructional groups that shows how school systems successively transform the composition of schools, grades, and classes in the process of allocating and using resources. Examines how course difficulty constrains instructional group composition, instruction applied to groups, and learning of…

Resource allocation is a key factor in promoting or retarding innovation. In a restrictive economic climate, it is easy to use resource allocation for decremental rationing and to stifle innovative thinking. The technique can also be used to ensure that the institution's human resources are encouraged to identify opportunities for innovation. (MSE)

In a well-organized school system, the statement of philosophy directly determines the choice of educational goals that, in turn, influence instructional objectives and the methods and materials adopted. Schools lacking sound philosophy statements have no guidelines for curriculum decisions and little resistance to passing fads. Several…

A mathematical model for costing college courses, designed for purposes of accountability, subprogram cost analysis, marketing to foreign students (in Australia), and course cost analysis across institutions, is presented and discussed. (MSE)

Now in improved financial circumstances, the Ford Foundation has begun a major review of all of its grant-making and program activities in this country and around the world, an effort usually undertaken during a period of retrenchment rather than of increased resources. (MSE)

In the context of the argument over how universities should be financed in Australia and how the money is used, the economic impact of the University of New England on the community of Armidale is analyzed and discussed. (MSE)

Evidence from Sweden's creation of Norrland University, which uses higher education for regional development, shows that allocation of higher education resources can be used to alter traditional patterns of centralization and that the activities of the outlying institution play as crucial a role as centrally formed policy. (Author/MSE)

The growing proportion of elderly and rising costs of health care for the aged raise ethical issues about the nature of the social obligation to the elderly as contrasted with the young. Reexamination of health care policy must consider the role of values, social justice, and individual self-respect. (Author/NRB)

The system of financing postsecondary education in the Canadian provinces since the introduction, in 1977, of unconditional grants based on the gross national product rather than operating costs is examined. (MSE)

The large growth in disability transfer program beneficiaries and expenditures from 1965-1978 has led to public concern over the incentive effects of and the budgetary expenditures for these programs. This paper examines the two strategies of removing individuals from the rolls via administrative review and reducing the generosity of benefits.…