The literature indicates that the effects of sources of demographic biases on fairness in classroom assessment (CA) are under-researched in the Iranian higher education context. Hence, this study aims to explore the Iranian university teachers' perceptions of the effects of demographic biases (e.g., gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic (SES)) on…

Mathematical problem solving is a complex cognitive activity, which poses difficulties for students with and without disabilities in inclusive learning environments. With a variety of functions, Learning Management Systems (LMSs) have the potential to enhance personalized learning to meet the diverse needs of all students. This paper provides…

Assessment is an essential activity in learning and teaching. It is classified into two categories based on its function: summative and formative assessments. During the pandemic, school learning activities, such as assessment, have been altered into online learning, which is quite challenging to carry out. This study investigated the kinds of…

Feedback is one of the most important factors for successful learning. Contemporary computer-based learning and testing environments allow the implementation of automated feedback in a simple and efficient manner. Previous meta-analyses suggest that different types of feedback are not equally effective. This heterogeneity might depend on learner…

We discuss a practical method for assessing mathematical proof online. We examine the use of faded worked examples and reading comprehension questions to understand proof. By breaking down a given proof, we formulate a checklist that can be used to generate comprehension questions which can be assessed automatically online. We then provide some…

Over the last five years, tremendous strides have been made in advancing the AIG methodology required to produce items in diverse content areas. However, the one content area where enormous problems remain unsolved is language arts, generally, and reading comprehension, more specifically. While reading comprehension test items can be created using…

This research conceived multivariate learning concepts and aimed at the implementation of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) life learning of face recognition, self-driving, and robots' situational issues into problem-based learning (PBL) in natural science. This research put forward problem-solving and group cooperation in which students…

Certain structures are particularly challenging for children. Explanations of such challenges reference both grammatical development and processing capacities. This study concerns production-specific considerations. Sixteen adults and 72 children from ages 3;01 to 8;11 participated in an experiment designed to elicit imitation of one-, two-, and…

Previous research illustrated that reading comprehension and science performance correlate highly. Because students with specific learning disorders with impairments in reading (SLD-IR) show deficits in reading comprehension, they may struggle to perform in science. As language in science is characterized by linguistic complexity, the question…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parent concerns about children's oral language, reading, and related skills and their children's performance on standardized assessments of language and reading, with a particular focus on whether those relationships differed between children recruited for in-school versus…

This study explored the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the academic quality of a Foundation in Engineering programme. A Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) was administered before and during the pandemic to evaluate the six dimensions of academic quality--assessment, workload, teaching, academic environment, standards, and skills…

Older schoolchildren typically perform better on academic achievement tests than younger students in the same classes. Studies looking at an array of countries, grade spans, and subjects have found that age differences of even a few months do matter. Relative-age effects introduce an arbitrary bias that favors older students. These effects are a…

The affordances of technology-based assessments, like the objectively structured practical examination, have become an integral part of gross anatomy courses. The Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine at the University of Warmia and Mazury developed and introduced an application for tablet devices which has been implemented in student…

This study examined internal school quality assurance practices and undergraduate students' attitude towards academic activities in public universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study was guided by three null hypotheses and the design adopted was ex-post facto research design. The population of the study was made up of all the regular…

In this paper, we describe subskills of visual communication based on the skill structure outlined in the Common European Framework of Visual Literacy. We have developed this Framework further through assessing the development of subskills related to visual communication in the "produce" and "respond" domains of CEFR-VC in…