This extended summary originally appeared in the September 1979 draft version of the Policy Paper. Several of the contributors to this issue of "Comparative Education" refer to this summary, and the original paragraph numbering has been retained for the convenience of readers. (Editor)

The author argues that educational reform efforts worldwide have shown little success because they have ignored teachers, whose ability and willingness to change are crucial. Part of a theme issue on the World Bank's 1980 Education Sector Policy Paper and on Third World educational development. (SJL)

Various types of teacher training schools in the People's Republic of China are described. Although there are many new teacher training schools, there is still a shortage of teachers. The development of education in China is an indispensable aspect of its modernization. (JN)

Aporti is credited with starting Italian infant education, opening his first school in 1827 in Lombardy, which was then ruled by Austria. This paper discusses Aporti's educational views, his career, the spread of Italian infant schools and, particularly, reactions of the government and the church to Aporti and his movement. (SJL)

Presents background information on how creation of two universities in Norway in the late l960s influenced decentralization of higher education and favored regional development. Draws general conclusions about universities' responsibilities for involvement in the region in which they are located. (DB)

Traces the development of television as an instructional tool at Dartmouth from its beginning in 1972 through the planning, funding, and implementation phases to its extensive, successful program today. (DC)

The author reviews life in the 1970s and 1980s from the viewpoint of a home economist living in the future--1995. Focuses are on family and community, role of community. lifelong learning centers, the role of computers, and information retrieval. (CT)

Advocates restructuring of public school systems in order to better accommodate the needs of students in more efficient and effective ways. Calls for parental and political support in moving away from predominately staff-oriented systems and towards more patron-oriented alternatives. (JD)

Japanese education in the 1980s must strive to improve its quality. These challenges arise at the peak of the education system's quantitative expansion over the past two decades. Further effort must be directed toward diversification and internationalization, which should bring about a fundamental reorientation of Japanese schooling. (Author/SJL)

Considers the elements of organizational effectiveness, the relationships between ends and means, and the nature of inputs necessary to the organization's survival. Presents hypotheses for industrial, educational, and military organizational planning processes and training technology, and suggests changing planning focus from inputs to outcomes.…

This article is a lecture given at the 1979 meeting of the British Association for Science Education (ASE). It presents strategies for education in the 1980s as perceived by the lecturer. (HM)

This article describes the experiences of three northern Black missionary teachers who went South during Reconstruction. Their activities are compared with those of the White missionary teachers. (Author/EB)

The nature of diversity in Australian universities is examined through an assessment of the impact of the Martin Report of 1965. The report deals with the philosophical and educational framework appropriate for thinking about the role and functions of the Australian universities, colleges, and teachers' colleges. (Author/SF)

Observations of the Chinese educational system made during a two-week tour are recounted. (LH)

The issue presents 21 articles written from 1977-1978 documenting various aspects of the educational changes which resulted from political changes in late 1976 (specifically, the fall of the gang of four). Articles focus on the state of science education, educational development, objectives, teachers' education, and political influences in Chinese…