After tracing the evolving concept of production technology during the past century the authors define its divisions as construction, manufacturing, and processing, and talk about recent developments in the field, with implications for education. (MF)

The 19 sections of the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 are briefly analyzed. (JC)

This study suggests that elected officials would be well off if they merely attain the support of the constituent voters. Constituent voters are those who have a real or perceived stake in a particular governmental entity. (Author/AM)

Attempts to specify how far recent changes in educational history have taken us and to offer a critical assessment of its effect on philosophy instruction. (Author/RK)

The author, Principal Research Officer of the current NFER Mixed Ability Teaching Project, tries here unravel some of the complex questions of ideology, organization and evaluation which have been overlooked in the current debate, highlighted by recent critical statements from the Inspectorate, over mixed-ability grouping in comprehensive schools.…

This discussion of home economics as a discipline which should focus on its affective foundations, covers the following areas: Affective context of home economics education, the adequacy of the home economics value complex for coping with environmental problems, and toward an acceptable environmental ethic. (SH)

The field of learning disabilities (LD) needs to focus on four issues concerned with research and practice: (1) differentiation of LD from other problems, (2) identification of LD subgroups, (3) effects of specific interventions with specific subgroups, and (4) recognition of social/cultural influences on LD identification and services. (Author/DB)

The survey of state department of special education guidelines for mental retardation terminology, eligibility criteria, and classification schemes indicated lack of uniformity among the states, increasing recognition of the importance of adaptive behavior, and decreasing use of the four-level classification system of the American Association of…

Describes two studies of word meaning acquisition among children. Concludes that (1) even very young children can learn new words and their meanings on basis of linguistic expressions and in absence of direct experience with referents, and (2) that particular forms of discourse (e.g., narrative and dialogue) can render new meanings more accessible…

This response to Drash et al. discusses these issues: the historical context of total habilitation of the retarded; the need for a clear conceptualization of intelligence and social adaptation; and the obstacles of society, the profession, attitudes, and the human service structure to the intensive pedagogic matrix required for total habilitation.…

The development of comprehensive, coordinated, multidisciplinary services for young handicapped children is required by Public Law 99-457. The article presents a definition of technical assistance, a description of developmental levels in service provision, suggestions for designing such services, and a discussion of major needs of states…

Time-out as a method of managing pupil behavior is explained. A definition and historical and philosophical perspectives are offered. The method has been used in Victoria (Australia), the United States, and Great Britain. Also considered are legal responsibilities, a time-out continuum, implementation, positive aspects of time out, and abuse and…

To more carefully define the nature of thinking in social studies, this article examines shared features and teaching procedures of three alternative approaches to instruction for thinking: reflective thinking, inquiry, and critical thinking. Discusses the emerging field of cognitive science and draws implications for improving traditional…

Although educational research can provide a framework for viewing teaching, one should be cautious when transforming these results into criteria for identifying effective teachers in general and master teachers in particular. Problems arise concerning definitions, causal ambiguity, linearity, student growth measures, context, and research purpose.…