States that in an attempt to better understand the attributes of the "average" viewer, an analysis of data characterizing television nonviewers and extreme viewers was performed. Identifies a set of demographic variables as the strongest predictor of nonviewers and the combination of family-related and lifestyle/social activity-related…

An examination of the relationship among nine measures of Holland's concept of congruence and their relationship to job stress used data from 154 workers. Iachan's M index was the best predictor of stress and strain. The relationship between congruence and stress was significant but dependent on the congruence measure used. (SK)

Identifies and interprets the relationship between adult students' (n=165) quality of effort and variables such as gender, involvement in nontraditional programs, age group, employment status, and academic load. Results showed quality of effort to have no relationship with gender, involvement in nontraditional programs, age, or employment status;…

Examined determinants of receipt of child support using data from national survey which included ever-divorced mothers (n=673). Results indicated receipt of child support was mostly dependent upon circumstances of fathers (income, marital status, physical proximity, and whether he visited his children). Circumstances of mothers and children had no…

Customer service representatives (n=90) completed the Position Classification Inventory (PCI), Self-Directed Search, and a cognitive ability test. PCI was similar to the Dictionary of Holland Occupational Codes in predicting performance. Cognitive ability was not significantly correlated with performance. Person/environment fit was supported as a…

A group of 39 older adults trained to use an electronic bulletin board had more positive attitudes about computers compared to 10 controls. The most positive were those who continued to use the board frequently. The most important predictor of use was success at initial training. (SK)

Two Holland-style congruence indices computed for 16 occupational samples did not show significant correlations between job satisfaction and congruence for 12 samples and very small relationships for the other 4. Using congruence measures to predict job satisfaction may be more efficacious for workers entering new fields than for the more…

Ten sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics considered predictors of difficulty with smoking cessation in patients with coronary artery disease are reviewed. The compounding effects of nicotine addiction are discussed. Consideration of these factors may result in individualized programs for smoking cessation. A brief overview…

A metamodel of evaluation utilization was developed from implicit and explicit process models and ideas developed in recent research. The model depicts evaluation use as occurring in an internal environment situated in an external environment. Background variables, international or social psychological variables, and evaluation use variables are…

Reports on three experiments that tested the perceived quality of digital images, and discusses issues about conducting research into questions about technical quality in multimedia. Issues regarding conducting this type of research include contextualization versus decontextualization, selection of variables and their values, and presentation…

Explores the heuristic value of a typological approach for preventing and studying school dropout. Empirically builds a typology of dropouts based on individual school experiences, tests the typology's reliability by replicating the classification with two different longitudinal samples, and examines the typology's predictive and discriminant…

Multivariate analysis of the relationship between career exploration and its predictors for 156 women and 162 men indicated that combining all predictors accounted for less than one-third of variance. Other analyses showed that the broad construct of ego identity exploration cannot be substituted for career exploration. (SK)

Studied the effect on criterion-related validity of nonfitting response vectors (NRVs) on a predictor test using simulation. Results suggest that NRVs can influence the validity of a test if the type of misfit is severe, the correlation between the predictor and criterion scores is "p"=0.3 or 0.4, and there are 15% or higher NRVs. (SLD)

Two studies were conducted to examine how perceptions of support for mentoring relate to mentoring attitudes and outcomes for both proteges and mentors, over and above established predictors. In study 1, proteges provided information on their perceptions of support for mentoring and mentoring received. As expected, perceived management support for…

Far less is known about predictors of quality for family child care homes than for child care centers. The current study of 120 randomly-selected family child care providers in four Midwestern states examined distal, state policy-level variables (family child care regulations and the concentration of children cared for who received public child…