In this study, a subset of the adult functional reading items from the National Reading Survey was administered to a group of approximately 80 adults, together with a set of materials designed to assess decoding skills. The purpose of the study was to determine whether or not the inability to answer the adult reading tasks correctly is…

Scores on the Diederich Composition Rating Scale were correlated with measures of specific attitudes toward reading and general attitudes toward school for 920 students from grades 4, 6, 9, and 12. This was a subsample drawn from the fall 1974 and spring 1975 Virginia Educational Needs Assessment. A direct linear dependency between student…

A total of 224 college students participated in a study of the relationships between dogmatism and authoritarianism and the characteristics of written discourse. Early in the semester each class completed a public opinion poll which included a combination of the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale and the California F Scale. In a seemingly unrelated task…

The characteristics of an effective teacher are examined in Aristotelian terms, with the objective of developing a model for the training of university teachers which addresses Aristotelian causes. A survey of research studies designed to identify the characteristics of effective teachers indicates a logical approach toward training university…

Exploratory research with large numbers of variables and even larger numbers of relationships is likely to result in frequent Type II errors; that is falsely accepting an incorrect null hypotheses. There are three ways of reducing Type II errors: (1) choosing a lower significance level, which then increases the probability of Type I error; (2)…

This technical report contains the text of papers presented at a conference on personnel selection research. The conference brought together scholars to share their ideas regarding ways in which their own special interests help shed light on ability-performance relationships observed in personnel selection studies. The contributions can be divided…

Progress in a primary-grade reading program was determined for 106 first-born, second-grade students at the end of the school year. Previous data available for this sample included Thomas-Chase-Birch temperament ratings, family intactness and socioeconomic status at age four, and Metropolitan Readiness Test scores at age six. The value of these…

The SVIB was administered to the entire freshperson class at a midwestern college for women. Results showed leaders responded "like" to about 90 percent of the scale items, whereas nonleaders responded "like" to only about 10 percent. The scale is designed to assist counselors in aiding women to plan their extracurricular…

Presents a review of the literature on a single group of variables within the attitudes to science category, namely, those described by terms such as interest, satisfaction, and enjoyment. Deals with the significance and measurement of attitudes and with the relationships between attitudes and other variables. (GS)

Middle-class Caucasian children in grades 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 were examined to determine the effect of sex role standards on reading and arithmetic achievement. Results indicated agreement between the sexes on perceptions of what constituted girls' activities and disagreement on perceptions of what constituted boys' activities. Sex role…

Several Predictors of occupational choice derived from a theory of careers were examined. Hypotheses that a person's competencies, activities, self-estimates, interests, and vocational choices can be organized to understand and predict subsequent choice were tested. Findings support both the theory and the validity of the Self-Directed Search.…

A study of the academic performance of college students at LaTrobe University, Australia, in relation to their college entrance scores (high school achievement) shows that although the scores provide a reasonable guide to first-year performance, a better guide to overall success is the performance at the first-year level. (JT)

A study of admission data for 1,014 medical graduates and 57 dropouts revealed that the best predictor of the graduate vs. dropout hierarchy was a six-variable combination of the quantitative ability subtest of the MCAT, premedical grades, and personality inventory scales for status potential, socialization, communality, and conformist achievement…