It is commonly known that mathematics is used in many subjects in physics and chemistry courses and the relations between mathematics and variables are more easily understood. These courses also comprise a number of equations that correspond to a mathematical correlation and are also called formulas. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to…

This research explored how young children's research participation can be enhanced when an interactive narrative approach is embedded within research to enhance children's consent to participation and their understanding of the research process. The context for this research was a 1-h, science outreach programme delivered into Australian…

The present study investigates the effectiveness of question paraphrases in supporting students' understanding of a specific task. Secondary school students (i.e., eighth grade) read two texts and answered several questions while texts were available. A paraphrase including core information about each question was included before students provided…

Translation ambiguity, which occurs commonly when one word has more than one possible translation in another language, causes language processing disadvantage. The present study investigated how Chinese--English bilinguals process translation-ambiguous words, and whether it is affected by the second language (L2) proficiency and sentence context,…

This research explores the correlation of first-year Indonesian university students' metacognitive reading awareness and their reading comprehension in academic English texts. This study was conducted in a regional university in Yogyakarta - Indonesia where students came from many parts of Indonesia and recognised English as an additional…

A key challenge in the design of effective survey questionnaires is to write questions that respondents can understand consistently. Recommendations in the questionnaire design literature propose the use of respondents' own terminology to facilitate comprehension and the response process. In this article, we propose an innovative questionnaire…

Conventional opinion about using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) for examining sentence comprehension maintains that RSVP taxes working memory (WM), which probably affects sentence processing. However, most RSVP studies only infer the involvement of WM. Other cognitive resources, such as cognitive control or vocabulary may also impact…

The category of nonfiction picture books has changed in the past few decades, putting more emphasis on engaging writing styles, attention to accuracy, and using synergic relations between images and texts. As a result of this shift, the strategies taught to students for reading nonfiction picture books must change. The author presents five…

The aim of this study was to investigate how students interpret the verbal definitions given for quadrilaterals in parallelogram family and reasoning in this interpretation process. It was also aimed to reveal the easiest definitions for students to understand, and to determine which mathematical terms they do not understand in given definitions.…

Lower reading scores on standardized tests over the years are a great concern. Middle school students have negative reading attitudes due to less emphasis on reading. The problem addressed in this study was the relationship between middle school students' reading attitudes and their reading comprehension levels are not known and factors that may…

Have you ever found it difficult to read something due to your lack of knowledge on the topic? We investigated this phenomenon with a sample of 3,534 high school students who took a background knowledge test before working on reading comprehension tasks on the topic of ecology. Broken-line regression revealed a knowledge threshold such that below…

In conversation or during reading, we sometimes find ourselves making predictions about the identity of an upcoming word or phrase. This phenomenon has been reflected in the results of laboratory experiments that show changes in eye gaze patterns or the Electroencephalogram (EEG) "prior" to encountering a predicted word. However,…

Theories of discourse argue that comprehension depends on the coherence of the learner's mental representation. Our aim is to create a reliable automated representation to estimate readers' level of comprehension based on different productions, namely self-explanations and answers to open-ended questions. Previous work relied on Cohesion Network…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the repeated reading and dialogic reading interventions on listening comprehension outcomes of at-risk preschoolers. Repeated reading is defined as reading the text of the storybook twice while dialogic reading is defined as employing a series of prompts and questions to engage the child in a…

Background: Long-standing calls to infuse technical language in teaching--what we call the Professional Language Project--have been revived in recent years along with the core practices movement in teacher education. The Professional Language Project has been identified as a desired outcome of research and a potential benefit to teacher education.…