A factor analytic study of the demographic and behavioral characteristics of adult and juvenile male and female incarcerates suggests a number of consistent relationships contributory to incarceration and childhood experiences that predict difficulty in that period of life and in later adjustment. (Author)

Tested the action of the dissonance model on immigrants who were obliged to prepare for a new occupation. Four coping strategies were found combining high vs. low level of self-image and vocational involvement with positive vs. negative attitudes toward work and authority figures at work. (Author)

Examined the reliability of spouses as observers of the behaviors that occur in their own marital relationships. Distressed and nondistressed couples collected data in the home. Across the entire checklist, nondistressed couples exhibited significantly greater consensus than did distressed couples, based on both percentage agreement and kappa.…

Describes the use of extended role play in a social simulation as a major teaching strategy for a family communication course. The strategy provides the students with a safe but challenging set of family systems for analyzing communication interaction. (JMF)

Results indicated that adolescent males who maintain a relatively high level of acting out during residential treatment, in spite of firm and consistent treatment approaches, perceive their parents differently than do adolescents who exhibit increased self-control in the treatment setting. (SBH)

Distressed couples were more critical of each other and less responsive to each other's influence efforts. Distressed and nondistressed couples were similar in their frequencies of inquiries and solution proposals. Criticism and responsiveness were important predictors of both satisfaction with outcomes and attainment of resolutions. (Author)

Paralinguistic and nonverbal behaviors were the best predictors of ratings of subjects' overall performance. Complex verbal categories were the most significant predictors of skill across different situations. Results also showed clear sex differences in degree and pattern of cue usage between male and female judges. (Author)

Choice Awareness is a cognitive-affective-behavioral system designed to enable people to make effective choices. Choice Awareness can serve in a group process that enables individuals to reach beyond their present patterns of behaviors and implement new choices. (Author)

Identifies three sociological dimensions that constrain the selection, production, interpretation, and reporting of verbally manipulative behaviors; discusses two texts illustrating the dimensions; and examines some problems of conceptualization and measurement. (FL)

Delineates a study showing that jurors arriving at different verdicts differ in the way they compute verdicts from a common evidence base rather than in the structure of their evidence bases. Concludes that the legal system's distinction between evidence comprehension and verdict deliberation is a defensible one. (Author/FL)

The design of competency-based training in behavioral consultation involves the specifications of objectives, training procedures and evaluation techniques. The relationship of training and evaluation to behavioral-consultation training objectives and the benefits of a competency based training approach are discussed. (Author)

Multimedia group counseling techniques for preadolescent girls are described. These techniques successfully helped them deal with changing body image, the importance of the peer group and the best friend, and the separation of self from parents. (JD)

Postcards containing a message either favorable or unfavorable for the recipient, were "lost" in the public transportation systems of Paris, Madrid, London, Geneva, and Frankfurt. More postcards were returned when the message was favorable but only in high importance conditions. This pattern did not occur in Madrid. (Author/BEF)

Findings suggest that extroverts are more likely to be susceptible to behavioral contagion, i.e., spontaneous imitation of another's behavior, than introverts. (Author)

The pleasure-arousal hypothesis predicts an interaction between pleasure and arousal levels in determining approach-avoidance, such that approach increases with arousal in pleasant settings and decreases with arousal in unpleasant settings. Results support this hypothesis. (Author)