Sequential choices are ubiquitous in daily life, yet making optimal decisions in such settings--where properly accounting for option value is crucial--can be challenging. This paper provides field experimental evidence on the neglect of option value in high-stakes decisions and quantifies the associated welfare consequences. We study a centralized…

Prior research has explored children's help-seeking tendencies in relation to the characteristics of help providers with a primary focus on the helper's competencies. In the current study, we propose that acknowledging a child's emotions without judgment, referred to as emotional validation, is another cue that guides children's help-seeking…

Background/purpose: This study examines the extent to which academic department heads at Jordanian universities practice transcendental leadership and its relationship with faculty members' self-management. Transcendental leadership, a contemporary model emphasizing moral growth, collaboration, and alignment with institutional and individual…

The role of a school district superintendent demands a balance of professional leadership and political astuteness. Individuals in this role possess distinct skills, values, and beliefs essential for navigating its complexities. This mixed-method phenomenological study employs self-reported values, decision-making styles, and interviews to explore…

As they become more common, automated systems are also becoming increasingly opaque, challenging their users' abilities to explain and interpret their outputs. In this study, we test the predictions of fuzzy-trace theory--a leading theory of how people interpret quantitative information--on user decision making after interacting with an online…

Background: School is not only a place for acquiring academic skills but also a social environment where students develop emotional abilities and awareness. Prioritizing well-being in schools can foster confidence, satisfaction, and emotional awareness among students, contributing to their lifelong success and mental health. Objective: This…

Background: In Australia, several formats of written information are made for people with intellectual disability and/or low literacy, such as Easy Read, Easy English and Plain Language. More understanding is however required about the decision-making behind their features, as it is not always clear which formats use which features or for what…

In this ever-changing era, the innovativeness of teachers as a collective is increasingly vital to the success of educational change. The study examined the relationship between distributed leadership and collective teacher innovativeness in the context of mainland China. Anchored in social exchange theory and social cognitive theory, the study…

Third- and fourth-year U.S. medical students applying to residency were surveyed between August 6 and October 22, 2022, to assess the impact of "Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs)" on medical student residency application location choices. Across all medical specialties, most respondents were unlikely or very unlikely…

This study introduces an optimized ensemble deep neural network (Optimized Ensemble Deep-NN) to enhance the accuracy of predicting student grades. This model solves the problem of different and complicated student performance data by using deep neural networks, ensemble learning, and a number of optimization algorithms, such as Adam, SGD, and RMS…

Instructional design practices consist of design decisions. It often comprises decisions across analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This paper presents the findings of a scoping review that explored how decision-making is discussed in learning design research over the past four decades. This scoping review of research…

Can simulating the public transit experience of individuals with mild visual impairments promote empathy in design college students, thereby facilitating their design decisions? The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of a mixed empathy intervention (role-playing and experiential prototyping) on improving design students' empathic…

Background: The value of people with disability being involved in the decision-making and governance of community organisations is increasingly being recognised. This paper reports on research that aims to understand governance models that promote the recruitment, decision-making, and leadership of people with intellectual disability. Method: A…

"How do witnesses make identification decisions when viewing a lineup?" Understanding the witness decision-making process is essential for researchers to develop methods that can reduce mistaken identifications and improve lineup practices. Yet, the inclusion of fillers has posed a pivotal challenge to this task because the traditional…

Cheating emerges early in development and has significant moral development implications. This research investigated whether cheating in 5- to 6-year-olds reflects strategic decision-making or impulsivity. Through four preregistered studies, we systematically manipulated adult presence and observability across multiple conditions using a…