The validity of a self report leadership scale was examined to test the hypothesis that leaders can be identified by an efficient self-report scale and that they will also be so perceived by their superiors and peers. An 11 item self report instrument was designed and a unit weight system and a differential weight system were employed to weight…

Social Science assumes, as our human experience daily confirms, that social life is orderly. This paper proposes to document the detailed orderliness of actual conversational interaction, show that participants orient to this orderliness, and explicate the knowledge--together with the rules for situated use of this knowledge--which members…

Using participant, trainer, and observer reports and resources, this study examined perceptual and other training laboratory behavior. Twelve executives in a 3 1/2 day laboratory gave free-response descriptions of themselves and other group members. They completed interval-type ratings on each of 20 descriptive items. During the final session,…

A large number of correlational models for cross-tabular analysis are available for utilization by social scientists for data description. Criteria for selection (such as levels of measurement and proportional reduction in error) do not lead to conclusive model choice. Moreover, such criteria may be irrelevant. More pertinent criteria are…

Two hundred twenty-six 5th and 6th graders were the subjects of this study to correlate amount of television viewing and reading scores. It was found that the average viewing time per week for girls was 28 hours and for boys 30 hours. A slight relationship was reported between reading ability and amount of leisure time spent watching television.…

This study investigates relationships between the family environment and maintenance of children's gains from early childhood educational experiences. Participating families received training and counseling from social workers, who focused on improving parent child relationships. Measures of children's intellectual and social functioning as well…

Nine studies are summarized which investigated the relation between attributes of performance as perceived by the subject and corresponding objective measurements. The attributes studied were: (1) intellectual activity perceived to be involved when dealing with a task (Studies 1 and 2), and (2) perceived difficulty (Studies 4 to 9). Study 3…

These revisions arose from two major concerns: the lack of quality education evidence among many low-income, minority group children living in urban settings and the ambiguity concerning the nature and extent of relationships between teacher training efforts and a child's learning. This proposal examines the possible relationships between…

The purpose of this study was to determine if students, in grades 4-6, selected from the Caldecott Award Winners and runners-up the same picture book for their first preference as compared to those given first place by the Caldecott Award Committee. Students' race, sex, school system attended, and reading level were factors considered. A total of…

The relative precision of four methods of estimating missing data in principal components analysis was investigated. Artificial data with known characteristics, obtained from Cattell's "Plasmode: 30-10-4-2," was used with one third of the data on half of the variables being systematically eliminated. The four methods of missing data estimation…

This study examines at the elementary school level four different types of instruments in order to assess their capability to measure the attitudes toward arithmetic of third and fifth grade children. The four arithmetic attitude instruments were administered using a Latin Square model and included: the Dutton-Thurstone Scale, the Dutton-Likert…

Conceptualizing organizations as open systems of interrelated variables, this study of 184 Illinois school districts determined the relationships among innovation adoption, selected organizational characteristics, and environmental variability. Organizational characteristics were differentiation (development of specialized organizational…

This study was concerned with various schemes for reducing the number of variables in a multivariate analysis. Two sets of illustrative data were used; the numbers of criterion groups were 3 and 5. The proportion of correct classifications was employed as an index of discriminatory power of each subset of variables selected. Of the four procedures…

A multifactor instrument, the Bentler Interview Developmental Scale (BIDS), was used to measure developmental changes in children from birth to age 7. The device consisted of 115 age related items to which the mother responded. Data was gathered through interviews of the mothers of sample children throughout the United States. Reliability of the…

A series of pilot and regular experiments were conducted to investigate memory checking processes. The first set of experiments developed a set of six different tests for the measurement of memory checking. Correlational studies of these tests demonstrated that they could be used reliably and that the different tests are measuring the same basic…