Correlates 138 elementary school children's views about the purposes of school to their styles of reward allocation: academically motivated students allocated rewards equally to two hypothetical performers who had unequally helped a teacher perform a manual chore, while socially motivated children allocated rewards in an equity (performance-based)…

The internal-external locus of control scales of Rotter and Levenson and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale were completed by 156 undergraduates. The three-factor structure underlying Levenson's questionnaire was clearly confirmed. Some new evidence for the multidimensionality of Rotter's scale was also presented. (Author/GDC)

Investigates the motivational factors of students of Asian and Asian-American backgrounds learning Chinese at the university level in the United States. Results indicate that intrinsic interest in Chinese culture and the desire to understand one's own cultural heritage are the initial motivation for students to learn the language and that…

Examines how Japanese learners of English transmit information in the target language. Results indicate that the amount of utterance and information did not necessarily correlate; speech patterns of the Japanese differed from those of native speakers; and the students possessed potential oral proficiency if given enough time. (26 references)…

Discusses burnout among bibliographic instruction librarians and describes the use of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a Role Questionnaire with bibliographic instruction librarians in colleges in New England using a mailed survey. Relationships between levels of burnout and role stress, formal educational preparation, and faculty rank and status…

Describes the California Critical Thinking Dispositions Inventory (CCTDI), highlighting the test's seven subscales: inquisitiveness, open-mindedness, systematicity, analyticity, truth-seeking, critical thinking self-confidence, and maturity. Presents findings from a study using the CCTDI to determine the relationship between community college…

Three studies investigated preschoolers' reasoning about ability. Findings suggested sensitivity to mental state information when judging another child's ability, and they perceived positive correlations between effort and academic success, and "niceness" and high academic ability. Comparisons with 9- to 10-year-olds suggest that…

Whether word-reading processes operated similarly in 72 adult literacy students and 72 elementary school students matched for reading level was studied. The same orthographic and phonological processes appear to govern in both, but correlations between word reading and spelling were weaker for adults. (SLD)

A survey of 823 high school students found that the higher the adolescent is on a Need scale, the greater the likelihood of engaging in substance use. Further results indicated that cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, and smoking marijuana are associated with significantly higher scores on the Need scale for both males and females. (RJM)

Discussion of peer assessment focuses on a study conducted in Taiwan that investigated networked peer assessment with high school and undergraduate students. Highlights include student attitudes toward peer assessment; peer-tutor correlation; and a measure of student satisfaction with networked peer assessment activities. (Author/LRW)

Examined relations between Hong Kong and English mothers' socialization goals and childrearing practices and their impact upon preschool peer competence. Found significant correlations between socialization toward filial piety and authoritarian practices, and valuing socioemotional development and authoritative parenting for both groups. Chinese…

This study examined teachers' concerns related to the integration of technology into teaching practices and compares these concerns with professional and ancillary demographic variables. Discusses a correlation among attendance of faculty development activities, integration level, and higher-order concerns; and correlations among gender, age, and…

Describes results of a survey of secondary school libraries in Israel that was conducted in 1983-84. Library characteristics related to type of community and type of school are described, including size of collection, hours of operation, and librarians' qualifications. School library use is also discussed. (six references) (LRW)

A study involving 1,521 high school seniors correlated commitment/alienation scores with student personal characteristics, grade point average, advanced courses taken, and indicators of academic effort/priority. Affective responses tended to be distributed symmetrically, and a student's place on the continuum was related to capacity to control…

Examines the sex-role socialization theory showing women less likely to cheat. Presents findings of a 1984 study, involving 165 college students, that examined the relationship between excuse making and actual cheating. Reports women were significantly more likely to make excuses before cheating. Suggests excuse making deflects restraining…