This article provides an overview of the contributions made by older women to social and economic development in the Third World, as well as how the forces of modernization are affecting their roles and status in society. Discusses the definition of "older woman," labor force participation, income, and family roles. (CT)

Sociolinguistic skills needed by hearing impaired children are analyzed, and socialization approaches undertaken by parents through presuppositions, stylistic variations, and pragmatics are reviewed. The importance of curricula in which students learn to respond to changing context is emphasized, and teaching strategies that provide models in…

The article reviews the literature on three major social learning constructs advanced to explain the etiology of reactive depression in children and adolescents: learned helplessness, social skill deficits, and coercive reinforcement patterns. Implications for classroom management are noted. (CL)

Research is reviewed on the emotional and social needs of learning disabled students, including difficulties in understanding nonverbal communication, rejection by peers and others, impulsivity, pervasively negative moods, and difficulties in role-taking. Teacher education should increase emphasis on direct instruction of social skills and…

Compares the interactions of 20 firstborn and 17 lastborn children with their parents and siblings. Children were observed at home for five 45-minute sessions. Oldest children differed from youngest children in emitting more behaviors to parents than to siblings and in receiving more negative responses from parents and siblings. (Author/CB)

A social language program was designed for severely and multiply handicapped secondary students. Through role play, students are exposed to a range of functional activities: socially appropriate informal and formal greetings, socially appropriate language in different settings, language appropriate to group situations, and appropriate responses to…

Results of a study involving 60 children (3-5 years old) including neglected, abused, and nonmaltreated Ss showed that normal children with higher IQs were significantly better able to discriminate others' emotions from picture stories than the other children, who were not different from one another on any of the measures. (Author/CL)

Describes the College of St. Teresa's peace and justice education activities, including a weekly soup line, sponsorship of a Bread for the World chapter, student volunteer work, academic courses, pastoral team work, an Education for Peace and Justice Resource Center, Peace and Justice Days, and conferences. (LAL)

Describes the peace-oriented instructional materials and classroom activities developed by Pat Feller for use in her sixth-grade class. Discusses the adoption of these techniques in another Oregon Catholic school. (LAL)

The paper proposes that primary social relationships between child and caregiver are critical context for language learning and examines current assumptions about the nature of language and the processes involved in language learning, with particular attention to the effects of severe handicaps on the social processes underlying language…

This study examined the ways in which exposure to moral reasoning statements affected the subsequent behavioral choices of 144 seventh-, eighth- and ninth-grade boys at different stages of moral judgement. The presentation of reasoning had different effects on the behavioral choices of subjects at two different stages. (Author/SB)

First-, fourth-, seventh-, and eleventh-grade boys and girls were interviewed on the topic of deviant behavior among their peers. They were also asked to make deviance judgements on two story characters. The pattern of reaction to the stories was consistent with age-related shifts in the basis for deviant status. (Author/SB)

Examines some of the latest initiatives for improving environmental education. (Editor)

In this article, the author describes her experiences on an annual teacher-student bike excursion at Santa Barbara Middle School in California. The trip, while plagued with rain, allowed her to develop closer relationships with her students that extended into the classroom. These continuing relationships have led to the establishment of greater…

This study involved observation of 4- and 5-year-olds in a day care setting, focusing on how they developed and maintained friendships with other children in day care. Children were observed twice a day for 3 weeks as they engaged in outdoor play, dramatic play, and manipulative play. Observations included which children played with each other and…