A study was conducted to investigate further the dichotic outcomes in right-handers as a function of sex, ear-side, and most especially stronger attentional bias. The derived prediction was: that increased focus time on the right side would produce a striking right ear advantage (REA) in either right-handed men or women, replicating the most…

Investigated memory span and memory scanning in both auditory and visual modalities of 24 good and poor, 10-year-old readers. The major finding was that short-term memory function deteriorated over time in the poor reading group. (Author/LLK)

A total of 128 first- and second-graders participated in two sets of shift problems: (1) four extra-dimensional shifts; and (2) shift problems with two types of cue-reinforcement conditions (same and reversal). (ED)

Provides additional data to explain the reverse effects of rewards on task performances for training problem-solving skills in fourth-graders. (RL)

Liniar functions fitted to the proportion of optional reversal shifts as a function of log CA were used to assess the effect of stimulus and training variables on the development of reversal-shift. (ST)

Results indicate that when subjects are given explicit instructions as to the interlist relationship and when the transfer list is presented at a relatively slow rate, both positive and negative transfer effects may be obtained in the serial/paired-associate paradigm. (Author)

Research supported by a grant from the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Reprints of article available from J. Dennis Nolan, Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210. (DS)

Results suggest that kindergarten children extinguish mediating responses faster than instrumental choice responses while the reverse probably holds with second graders. (Authors)

Studies of the ability of elderly debilitated patients to respond to conceptual training and their differential response to different kinds of conceptual shifts. (Authors/MB)

The relationship between dimensions of classroom environment and off-task behavior among kindergarten students engaged in academic activities is studied. Evidence is presented substantiating the importance of signal continuity in maintaining students' task-oriented behavior. (JMF)

Reports on various instructional procedures that were used to decrease the number of b/d reversal errors made by 10-year-old learning disabled boys. (FL)

Results of discriminating and monitoring tasks indicate that performance deteriorates over time when a specific object must be distinguished from previously presented nonspecific objects in a display which changes quickly. The results offer a basis for distinguishing between perceptual and response processes underlying the vigilance decrement.…

Recent findings suggest a right hemispheric dominance in gaze-triggered shifts of attention. The aim of this study was to clarify the dominant hemisphere in the gaze processing that mediates attentional shift. A target localization task, with preceding non-predicative gaze cues presented to each visual field, was undertaken by 44 healthy subjects,…