Endpoint and distance effects have been observed in the protocols of subjects learning linear orderings. These were produced by subjects learning the frequency of word occurrence as the greater member of a relationship. Error patterns were similar on all trials. (CHK)

Several measures of sensitivity (unbiased retention) and response bias are described and evaluated in terms of their applicability to the probe-type serial memory task. Suggestions are made regarding the major factors that should be considered when selecting an index for one's data. (Author/GO)

One hundred forty-four subjects received 4 Brown-Peterson trials with recall triads from a common encoding category. Items on three trials were from a common subset, while on the fourth, the subset was shifted or not, and a cue was presented or not. The cue influenced response generation, a shift improved recall. (CHK)

Stresses the importance of recitation as a study skill that retards the rapid rate at which individuals forget, citing the experiments of A. I. Gates who revealed that merely reading textual materials is not effective in learning. (RB)

Research is reported in which subjects memorized sentences containing words from one of five deictic categories. When the sentences were presented in an experimental setting isolated from actual time, place, person, and discourse context, the deictic words were more difficult to remember than nondeictic words. (Author/RM)

Research is reported which explores the viability of theories of sentence memory in describing adjective memory. (Author/RM)

Some researchers argue that all relaxation techniques produce a single relaxation response while others support a specific-effects hypothesis which suggests that progressive relaxation affects the musculoskeletal system and that guided imagery affects cognitive changes. Autogenics is considered a technique which is both somatic and cognitive. This…

It has been hypothesized that letters in orthographic strings (those that follow the rules of English) are more accurately identified than letters in nonorthographic strings because confusions about the positions of letters are more likely in nonorthographic strings. This hypothesis was tested by giving 16 college students a set of targets, one of…

This study examined the effect of three aspects of the testing context--physical privacy, anonymity, and offers of help from a tester--on children's expectations. Performance of 96 11-year-old boys and girls on a pictorial recall memory task in a simulated test was evaluated. The subjects were divided into eight different groups varying on the…

Aspects of chess relevant to certain educational issues are explored. Based on findings from a sample of about 50 children from 6 to 18 years of age, discussion focuses on (1) how children play chess and how the process of acquiring expertise differs among children and adults, (2) chess training techniques and why they are effective with children,…

Although studies using recall tasks to measure memory typically report age-related declines in performance for older subjects, little is known about how these research results relate to performance in actual situations. A study was undertaken to determine whether years of experience in a domain of knowledge could compensate for age-related…

A study was carried out to investigate the effects of inducing bilinguals to use both of their languages to read, study, and recall information from a passage of expository text. The subjects were 80 French-English bilinguals who read a passage in either English or French and took notes in either language. They then completed tests of free recall…

A study applied an associative coding model to discern how emotions experienced during television commercials affect the strength and content of viewer memory for the commercials. Subjects, 25 males and 49 females enrolled at a large midwestern university, tested the model. Emotion was indexed by having viewers continuously turn a dial as they…

While a person's "interest" is recognized as important in seeking information about science, few studies have investigated what people mean when they say they are interested in a science story or have investigated the effects of that interest on memory for science information. Two studies tested several hypotheses on two components of…