Many people feel that the making of value judgments is an important aspect of the work of science. This paper explores some of the arguments in support of the claim that scientific work requires individual and social values and raises significant moral questions. Discussed here are: (1) the constitutive value of science; (2) the ethics involved in…

A study asked selected high school principals to respond to statements about the value of high school journalism to the high school student and about the rights and responsibilities of the high school journalist. These responses were then checked against such information as whether or not the high school principal had worked on a high school…

There are numerous challenges present when non-minority therapists engage in counseling relationships with minority clients. Several issues from the therapist's perspective are presented and various suggestions are offered to non-minority therapists working with minority clients.

The Defining Issues Test (DIT), which utilizes the moral development stage theory of L. Kohlberg, was administered to 41 students from an upper middle class school district in Pennsylvania. The scores of students who elected to attend the alternative high school were compared with the scores of students who elected to attend the district's…

Argues that Rubin and Rice endorsed a narrow conception of investigative quality and technique and overemphasized the potential value of research for practitioners. (Author)

Author reflects upon her own professional development, how psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg influenced the formation of a new kind of educator, and how her current interest in the valuing process of college students and professionals has been shaped. (Author)

Nisan responds to Turiel, Nucci, and Smetana's (1988) critique by stating that it merely serves to emphasize the difficulty involved in distinguishing between the moral and the conventional without reference to the cultural meaning of the act. (PCB)

Discusses the varying philosophical viewpoints and program orientations associated with the conservation movement, assessing the implications of these divergences on the objectives and instructional methods of environmental education. Also identifies and explains the range of differences existing in environmental education programs. (ML)

Describes examples of adolescent behavior which parents and school personnel find obnoxious. Explains why intelligent, reasonable, and well-adjusted teenagers periodically behave in this way, as something that is developmentally inevitable given the uneven development of competencies in several important areas. Adolescent incompetencies in four…

A study assessed emotional needs of gifted children (N=46) and matched non-gifted peers by evaluating their responses to vignettes of children in psychosocial dilemmas. Gifted children more frequently assigned internal attributions of blame, reflected heightened sensitivity to protagonists' feelings, and used moral reasoning based on recognition…

Using data collected from 50 college students, researchers tested the hypothesis that men tend to consider moral dilemmas in terms of justice and individual rights, whereas women are chiefly concerned with care and personal relationships. The respondent women were more likely to employ predominantly care considerations, but content of the specific…

Value judgments are central to the process of stakeholder-based evaluations. The selection of stakeholder participants involves a value judgment about the power and the legitimacy of the stakeholders. Consequences of stakeholder evaluation may include pseudoempowerment. Suggestions for evaluators for improving stakeholder evaluations are made.…

Dilemma content had a significant effect on moral judgement, with a tendency for each age group to use a higher level of judgment when the situation described was age-appropriate. Results indicated a significant age difference on a measure of spontaneous role taking: old persons made more definitive moral judgments than the younger adults.…

Describes the rationale for teaching the cognitive context of argument and argumentation, presents an example of an approach to value argument, and discusses the role of the unconscious in argument. (PD)

Examined differences in responses to retaliation against sexual assault in a study of 107 students who read vignettes in which the victim or her fiance shot the rapist. Results indicated women regarded the retaliation as more morally justified and were more lenient in their legal judgments. (JAC)