The Foreign and International Media section of this collection of conference presentations contains the following 27 papers: "Cultural Orientation in Turkey: Are The Theorists Right about the Effects of Imported Cultural Products?" (Christine Ogan); "The Role of Mass Media in a Newly Emerging Democracy: The Latvian Case Study"…

This digest examines the relationship between the political process and the media. The digest discusses the ramifications of advertising in politics; the role of the televised debate in elections; individual voter characteristics and the media; and media coverage and campaign awareness. Fifteen references are attached. (RS)

Four different principles of visual manipulation constitute a minimal list of what a visually "literate" viewer should know about, but certain problems exist which are inherent in measuring viewers' awareness of each of them. The four principles are: (1) paraproxemics, or camera work which derives its effectiveness from an analogy to the…

Demonstrates how composition textbook advertisements suggest, project, and perhaps even create an audience. Proposes four different audience-related elements of the ad-object: context, genre, borrowings, and reflexivity. (MS)

Describes how to create community service choirs in schools. Discusses the importance of contacting community agencies and provides key questions to ask the agencies. Offers program guidelines for agencies and includes suggestions for successful public relations to publicize events. (CMK)

Examines television viewers' interpretations of a particular narrative from the British soap opera "Coronation Street" after they had watched it unfold over some time in natural viewing circumstances. Identifies and discusses the interpretations of four clusters of viewers ranked in terms of their relative allegiance to the characters.…

Stresses the importance of local arts, focusing on encouraging modern dance at the local level. Addresses issues such as audience participation, sense of ownership and community, and accessibility that accompanies local art. Considers the implications for K-12 modern dance education. (CMK)

Around 5 or 6 years of age, children begin to recognize that speakers who make ironic remarks do not believe what they literally say, but children of the same age do not show appreciation for the humor function of irony (Dews et al., 1996; Harris & Pexman, 2003). We investigated 7- to 10-year-old children's interpretations of verbal irony and…

The artistic quality of creativity is not unique to artists but is carried out more skillfully by those who are artists than by those who are not. The artist participates with the rest of humanity in the essential part of creativity, communication, and develops a consonance--a resonance--between the work of art and the audience. The ritual of…

Discusses two strategies for achieving public radio's share of the audience--block and format programming. A rationale for choosing either of these alternatives, limitations on program options, and format principles are examined. (RAO)

Investigates the effects of targeted sales messages on newspaper subscription sales and retention by combining two large research projects--a demographic market segmentation scheme, and a readership-lifestyle survey. Proposes that the content of sales messages influences new subscriptions but does not affect retention. (MM)

KETC-TV, St. Louis, describes how to promote station membership by holding events at the station for the viewing audience. (AK)

"An exploratory look at the rioter and nonrioter in relation to their television viewing. (Author)

States that "gathering material" is what writers do when they are not writing and that writers are their own first audience, even as they write. Advocates active reading and book collecting as rewarding for writers. (PA)